【作者】 崔淑霞；

【导师】 时延春；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 当前,我国正处于由农业社会向工业社会、信息社会,计划经济向市场经济变迁和发展的转型时期。在这个转变过程中,作为培养人和教育人的一种基本手段,学校教育应适应新形势的要求,把培养学生的公民意识,提高学生的公民素养当作首要任务,这样才能为全面建设小康社会做出应有的贡献。作为我国社会主义现代化的建设者和接班人,当代小学生应该积累公民知识,增强公民意识,锻炼公民行为,努力做合格公民。提升小学生公民意识,对于提高其公民素质,推动我国社会主义精神文明建设具有很强的理论意义和现实意义。在引言中,笔者对研究这一问题的意义及学术界就这一问题的研究状况进行了简明扼要的说明。第二部分对公民意识及小学生公民意识的相关概念进行了界定,并对小学公民意识教育实施情况进行了阐述。第三部分对试点学校与非试点学校小学生的公民意识现状进行了比较分析。通过对小学生实施问卷调查和对教师与学生进行访谈,弄清楚试点校与非试点校小学生公民意识的具体情况：从调查问卷及访谈可知,总体上,小学生公民意识有了很大提高,但还存在许多问题,试点校小学生的民主意识整体上优于非试点校,女生的民主意识优于男生,小学生民主意识的强弱受地域不同的影响；非试点校小学生的法律意识偏低,女生的法律意识优于男生,城市小学生的法律意识较低；非试点校小学生的秩序意识有待提升,试点校居住城市、集镇、农村小学生的自由意识更优,非试点校男女生的自由意识有待提高；试点校小学生的平等意识整体上优于非试点校,男生的平等意识有待增强,试点校居住城市、集镇、农村小学生的平等意识较好。小学生的公平竞争意识整体较好,女生的公平竞争意识较优,非试点校小学生的正义意识高于试点校,男生的正义意识有待加强。第四部分对小学生公民意识教育存在的问题进行原因及对策分析。究其原因,是各级教育行政主管部门对小学生公民意识教育重视不够、学校未开设公民教育课程、缺少公民教育专职教师。加强小学生公民意识教育实效性的对策为：开设公民教育课程、重视教师培训和师资的系统配备、以丰富的活动培育小学生的公民意识。为了培育小学生公民意识,郑州大学公民教育研究中心与河南省信阳市平桥区人民政府共同研究,编写了《公民常识》读本(小学版),在信阳市平桥区十所小学进行试点。在小学设置公民教育课程的目的,是为了传播公民知识,启发公民思想,培养公民意识,提高公民素质,训练学生养成良好的公民行为,培养合格公民。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, our country is in the transition period of from agricultural society to industrial society, information society, from planned economy to market economy.In this transition process, training and education as a basic measure, school education should adapt to the requirement of new situation, the cultivation of students’ citizen consciousness, improving students’ quality as a top priority of citizens, to make its due contribution for the comprehensive construction of a well-off society. As the builders and successors of the socialist modernization of our country, the pupils should accumulate civic knowledge, increase public awareness, exercise citizenship behavior, striving to be a qualified citizen. Enhancing the students’ citizen consciousness has great theoretical and practical significance for improving the quality of citizens and promoting the socialist spiritual civilization of our country.In the introduction, the research significance of this problem and the academic research situation are briefly explained. The second the relevant concepts of the civic consciousness and pupils’ citizen consciousness are defined in part Ⅱ, and the civic education implementation for primary school are described. Pupils’ civic consciousness status of the pilot schools and non pilot schools are compared and analyzed in part Ⅲ. The students carry out questionnaire and interviews with teachers and students, to make clear the specific situations of citizen consciousness in the pilot school and non test point students:it is known from questionnaires and interviews, on the whole, pupils’ citizen consciousness has been greatly improved, but there still exists many problems. Pupils’ consciousness of democracy in the pilot school on the whole is better than the non pilot school, girls’ democratic consciousness is better than boys’; pupils’ legal consciousness from non pilot schools is low, girls’ legal consciousness is better than boys, pupils’ legal consciousness from the city is low; the order consciousness of non pilot schools needs to improve. Living city, towns and rural areas, the pupils’ consciousness of freedom is better. Boys and girls’ free consciousness in the non pilot schools should be improved; Pupils’ consciousness of equality in pilot schools on the whole is better than the non pilot schools, boys’ consciousness of equality needs to be enhanced. Living city, towns, rural areas, the pupils’ consciousness of equality in the pilot schools is better. Pupils’ fair competition consciousness overall is better. Girls’ fair competition consciousness is better. Pupils’ consciousness of justice in the experimental primary school is better, and boys’ consciousness of justice needs to be strengthened.Existing problems of pupils’ citizen consciousness education are analyzed in part Ⅳ. There are three reasons:all levels of educational administrative departments pay no attention to pupils’ citizen consciousness education. The primary schools do not offer citizenship education curriculum and civic education full-time teachers are lack. The pupils’ citizen consciousness education countermeasures are put forward in part V.the countermeasures are the offering of civic education curriculum, paying more attention to teachers’ training and teachers’ systematic equipment, enriching the activities to cultivate students’ citizen consciousness.In order to cultivate pupils’ citizen consciousness, the citizenship education research center in Zhengzhou University and the government of Pingqiao District in Xinyang, Henan province compiled together the course common sense (edition for primary school), which carry out experiment in ten primary school in Pingqiao District of Xinyang. The purpose of setting citizenship education curriculum in primary school is to spread the civic knowledge, enlighten the civil thought, foster civil consciousness, improve the civil quality, train students to develop good civil behavior and cultivate qualified citizens.更多还原