【作者】 王迎；

【导师】 王秋晓；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 随着现代社会对汽车发动机动力性、经济性和排放要求的不断提高，涡轮增压器已经被广泛的从柴油机领域普及到汽油机领域。涡轮转子作为增压器主要部件，其动平衡性能一直是涡轮增压器设计的关键问题，也是决定汽车发动机性能的重要问题之一。本文设计了一种基于气体润滑技术的涡轮转子动平衡机的主轴系统，为涡轮转子的动平衡提供了一种新的支承方式。与其它的支承相比，气浮式支承具有速度高、精度高、摩擦低、功耗低、寿命长等优点。而且气浮支承与增压器涡轮转子采用的全浮动轴承相类似，可以在涡轮转子实际的工况下进行动平衡，进而大大提高动平衡精度。为了实现涡轮转子的气浮支承结构，首先对静压气体润滑技术与动平衡技术进行深入的理论研究，并对气浮支承的气体静压轴承的承载力、刚度和气体消耗量的计算进行了分析。考虑到涡轮转子动平衡时，所承受的载荷情况，气浮支承结构采用了双支点单端止推型的浮动结构，建立了涡轮转子动平衡机气浮式主轴的整体设计方案。然后利用计算机流体动力学软件FLUENT软件对气浮支承的径向和止推气体静压轴承进行了仿真模拟，得到了轴承内部气体流动的压力分布图、速度矢量图和XY散点图等。并研究了气体静压轴承在不同供气压力下，节流孔孔径、外形尺寸、节流孔开孔位置、平均气膜厚度等参数对轴承承载性能和气体质量流量的影响关系。确定了动平衡机主轴结构设计的最佳参数。最后，本文在研制的涡轮转子动平衡机气浮式主轴的实验装置上，进行了实验研究。分析了主轴的承载性能和气体质量流量。并将径向承载力和轴向承载力的数值仿真结果与实验结果进行了对比研究。实验表明本文研究的气浮式的动平衡机主轴的性能可以满足涡轮转子的动平衡要求，具有较好的理论和实际应用的价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the modern society continuously increasing requirements for automobileengine dynamic performance, economical and emission, the turbocharger have beenwidely used from diesel engine field to the gasoline engine field. turbine rotor is themain components of the turbocharger, its dynamic balance performance is not only thekey problem of turbocharger design, but also one of important issues to automobileengine performance.A dynamic balancing machine spindle system is designed for turbine rotor, whichprovides a new supporting scheme based on the gas lubrication technology. Comparedwith other supporting, air floating supporting has many advantages, such as high speeds,high precision, low friction, low power consumption, long service life, etc. What’s more,air floating supporting is similar with the floating bearing adopted by supercharger turborotor, it can be dynamic balancing in the actual conditions of the turbine rotor, so thedynamic balance accuracy is greatly improved.In order to realize the air floating supporting structure for turbine rotor, staticpressure gas lubrication technology and dynamic balance technology are in-depthresearched firstly, and the gas aero-static bearing calculation about the bearing loadcapacity, stiffness and gas consumption is analyzed. Considering the load conditions ofturbine rotor dynamic balancing, air floating support structure adopt the type of doubleprotection and single thrust bearing, the dynamic balancing machines spindle integralstructure is established.Through using the computer fluid dynamics software FLUENT to simulation theradial and thrust static pressure gas bearing, the pressure distribution chart, speed vectordiagram and XY scatter plot chart are obtained. And in different gas supply pressure,the gas aero-static bearing parameters, such as orifice diameter, shape dimensions,orifice position and average gas film thickness, which influence on the bearing loadperformance and the gas mass flow are researched. The suitable spindle structureparameters of the dynamic balance machine are obtained.Finally, on the air floating turbine rotor dynamic balancing machines spindleexperiment device, the experiment study of spindle load performance and the gas massflow are analyzed. The experiment results of the axial and radial bearing capacity arecompared with the simulation results. Experiment results show the turbine rotor dynamic balancing machines air floating spindle can meet the dynamic balancingmachines requirements, and has a good theory and practical application value.更多还原