【作者】 王磊；

【导师】 陈庆章；

【作者基本信息】 浙江工业大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)是众多的传感器通过无线通信的方式相互联系,传递和处理信息的网络,被列为21世纪最有影响的技术之一。在WSN领域中有很多亟待研究和解决的关键问题,节点的自我定位问题就是其中之一。目前已有众多的定位方法和算法被提出,大体分为两类:基于距离的定位和距离无关的定位。DV-Hop是一种典型的应用最为广泛的距离无关定位算法。“基于无线传感网络的室内紧急逃生引导系统(IEEGS)”是一个构建在无线传感器网络上,执行灾难监测、逃生引导的系统,它对网络中节点的位置信息有很大的依赖。本文总结了现有的各种定位方法,分析了它们的不足,并基于DV-Hop算法,设计了一种专门针对IEEGS系统的定位算法称为ADBSA DV-Hop(Area DivisionBased Semi-auto DV-Hop)。该算法对DV-Hop对进行了多种改进,主要有以下几个方面:1.半自动平均每跳距离获取。改DV-Hop的自动获取网络平均每跳距离方式为半自动方式,即在获取过程中加入一部分人工操作,以工作量换取算法定位性能。2.区域划分。根据IEEGS系统网络所具有的节点分布区域特性,把整个网络划分成若干单独的区域,在每个区域上使用不同的参数分别运行定位算法。3.坐标贴边。IEEGS网络特有的节点边缘分布特性,使得可以根据节点坐标与区域边缘的关系将适当的节点坐标直接贴靠在区域边缘上。本文最后在MATLAB平台上对ADBSA DV-Hop算法与DV-Hop算法进行了对比仿真验证,并将算法实际应用于IEEGS系统中,实验证明ADBSA DV-Hop算法运行性能好于DV-Hop算法,并满足IEEGS系统的需要。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a new type of wireless network consisting of numerous sensor nodes which communicate with each other in wireless way, operating and transmitting information. WSN has been listed as the most influential technology in 21st century. There are lots of key problems need to be researched and solved in WSN filed, node self-localization is one of them. At present, many localization methods or algorithms have been approached, dividing into two classes: range-based localization and range-free localization. DV-Hop is a typical and the most applied range-free localization algorithm."Indoor Emergency-escape-guide System (IEEGS)" is an application system based on WSN, proceeding fire monitoring and escapes guiding. Node’s positions have significant meaning to IEEGS. In this paper, several presented localization algorithm are summarized and analyzed. And based on DV-Hop, a new, IEEGS specified localization algorithm, ADBSA DV-Hop (Area Division Based Semi-auto DV-Hop), is proposed. Several new ideas are employed to improve DV-Hop, including:1. Semi-auto average size of per hop (ASPH) acquiring. Change DV-Hop’s ASPH acquiring from auto way to semi-auto way, means that replace a part of auto acquiring operation by manual work.2. Area division. Considering the node-area-distribute speciality of IEEGS’s wireless network, divide the whole network into several areas, and apply localization algorithm in them respectively, using different parameters. 3. Stick to border. Nodes in IEEGS’s wireless network have the speciality of distributing near the borders of area, which enable that directly stick the node’s coordinates to the area’s border, if they are close enough.ADBSA DV-Hop will be simulated on MATLAB platform in the last part of this paper, comparing with DV-Hop. And it will also be applied practically in IEEGS. Experiment indicted that ADBSA DV-Hop performed better than DV-Hop, and competently met the IEEGS’s localization requirement.更多还原