【作者】 王敏；

【导师】 姜增国；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 桥梁与隧道工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 目前国内桥梁普遍存在耐久性不足,使用寿命偏短的现象,造成这一问题的关键是传统的桥梁设计方法将桥梁建设的各个阶段分开考虑,只关注施工阶段,是一种仅考虑“成桥状态”的设计方法。因此,为了可持续发展,需要把传统设计的短期方法扩展至桥梁的整个使用寿命期,考虑整个设计寿命内的所有方面,从规划、设计、施工、使用期管理,直到结构的拆除和材料的回收再利用等进行基于全寿命的桥梁设计。本文主要从以下几个方面开展研究工作：1)以钢筋混凝土梁式桥和预应力钢筋混凝土梁式桥为重点,比较全面深入地分析了混凝土梁式桥的桥跨结构、桥面及附属设施和桥梁墩台与基础等的主要缺陷病害现象、机理及其产生原因。研究发现,桥梁设计上的不足是诱发桥梁许多缺陷和病害的主要或潜在原因,为后续的桥梁全寿命设计研究奠定了良好的基础。2)初步探讨了桥梁全寿命设计理论的基本框架,对比和分析了基于全寿命的桥梁设计方法与传统设计方法的差别,并从桥梁使用寿命设计、性能设计、管养设计、美学设计、环境生态设计和成本分析六个方面详细阐述了全寿命设计理论的基本概念、设计原则、主要内容以及设计流程,建立了一个比较完整的桥梁全寿命设计理论框架。3)在总结混凝土梁式桥缺陷及病害的基础上,针对预应力钢筋混凝土连续梁桥的特点,通过新疆省喀什特区疏附大桥设计实例对全寿命桥梁设计理论在实际设计中的应用进行验证。试图通过该设计实例的运用,展示全寿命设计理论在提高桥梁使用寿命,节省桥梁全寿命成本等方面的优势,也给今后的桥梁设计提供一个参考和借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 At present, there is a common phenomenon existing that the bridge have disadvantages of insufficient durability and a short sevice life-cycle. This is mainly because of the traditional bridge design method, which divides the bridge construction into many steps and only pays attention on construction step, formed as a design method only considering "bridge construction completion". As a result, in order to devolop sustainably, it’s necessary to expand the traditional short-term design to the whole life-cycle of the bridge, considering all aspects on the whole life-cycle design, which covers planning, design, construction, use of management, until dismantling of the structure and recycling of materials. The paper contains as following:1) Picked reinforced concrete beam bridge and prestressed concrete beam bridge as points, the paper analyzed comprehensively the main defect and damage phenomenon, mechanism and the reason on bridge structure, deck, subsidiary facilities, bridge pier and foundation of concrete beam bridge. The research suggested that lacks in bridge design were main or potential reasons causing defect and damage, which laid a good foundation for following bridge life-cycle design.2) The paper discussed preliminarily the basic frame of bridge life-cycle design theory, compared and analyzed the differences between bridge life-cycle design method and the traditional one. What was more, it described details about the basic concept, design principle, main content and design process of bridge life-cycle design theory covering bridge service life-cycle design, property design, nutrition design, aesthetic design, enviromental and ecological design and cost analysis, which built a more complete bridge life-cycle design theory frame.3) Baed on defect and damage of concrete beam bridge and cominbined the characters of prestressed concrete continuous beam bridge, the paper verified the practical application of bridge life-cycle design through taking Kashite Shufu bridge in Xinjiang province for instance, which tried to show the advantages of bridge life-cycle design theory on improving sevice life-cycle and saving cost. At the same time, it gave a reference for further bridge design.更多还原