【作者】 张婷；

【导师】 王继辉；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 材料学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 目前玻璃纤维增强不饱和树脂基复合材料在社会的各行各业均有广泛的应用,尤其在一些航空航天等大型构件中,已经越来越多的使用到复合材料。复合材料在各种环境因素中性能的优良与否直接决定了构件本身的性能。因此,有必要系统的研究各种环境因素对复合材料性能和寿命的影响。本文分别对玻璃纤维增强乙烯基酯树脂进行了酸碱、湿热、盐雾、氙灯和紫外光试验,分别对试验前后复合材料试样进行了力学性能测试、红外光谱分析、SEM扫描和DMA测试。得出了以下结论：(1)老化前后复合材料试样的拉伸、弯曲和剪切强度均为先缓慢增加,其中湿热、盐雾、氙灯和紫外老化后弯曲强度最大分别增加了10%(2天后)、5.94%(4天后)、9.18%(7天后)和5.47%(7天后),后急速下降至28天后的22.37%、6.41%、11.8%和12.51%;(2)经过同等时间的老化试验周期之后,湿热老化对复合材料试样的破坏性要大于盐雾老化对试样的破坏性；(3)酸碱浸蚀时复合材料中的树脂基体除水解反应之外,还发生了其他一些化学变化；(4)湿热、盐雾和氙灯耐候老化后,复合材料中树脂的玻璃化转变温度分别平均下降了6.47℃、1.429℃、16.422℃；(5)老化后,玻璃纤维与树脂基体间的粘结力明显变差。另外,本文还对复合材料的老化寿命预测方法做了一个比较详细的归纳与总结。更多还原

【Abstract】 Right now the glass fiber reinforced composite material is widely used in every field, especially in the airplane. Whether the composites performs well or not in varies environmental elements directly decides the performance of the airplane. So, it’s essential to make a systematic study on the change of materials’performance and age due to the environmental factors.In this paper, we respectively make a test to the GFRP from the environmental factor of acid, alkali, humidity, temperature and light and then calculate the strength losing after the test, also, we make a comparison on the Infrared Spectrum, SEM and DMA between samples exposed to varies environmental factors and those who aren’t. Below are the main conclusions we get from it.(1) With the increasing of testing time, the strength of GFRP, like, tensile, bending and shear are fist increasing a little, the flexural strength of the composite in humidity&temperature circumstance﹑salt circumstance﹑Xenon lamp circumstance and Ultraviolet light circumstance respectively increased to10%(2days﹑5.94%(4days)﹑9.18%(7days)和5.47%(7days),and then sharply decreased to22.37%﹑6.41%、11.8%和12.51%after28days;(2) After the same testing period, the destruction of materials in humanity and temperature circumstance are greater than that in salt circumstance;(3) The composite material which exposed to acid and alkali circumstance appear some chemical changes besides hydrolysis reaction;(4) After humidity&temperature circumstance﹑salt circumstance﹑Xenon lamp circumstance’s aging, the glass-transition temperatures of GFRP averagely decreased6.47℃1.429’C and16.422℃;(5) After aging, the cohesion between fibers and the resin declined.In addition, in this paper we make a full summary and conclusion of ways of GFRP’s aging prediction.更多还原