【作者】 王静；

【导师】 张英；

【作者基本信息】 武汉理工大学 ， 物流管理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 物流配送中心选址是物流网络设计中的一个重要环节,因为它连接着供货点与需求点,直接影响着物流网络作用的发挥和经济效益的提高。传统的物流网络设计问题在设计初期通常只考虑战略层面的选址模型,而简化或者忽略掉一些战术层或运作层决策。等到设施选址完全确定之后,再来考虑战术层或运作层决策。这种选址模型没有能力处理设施选址和其他层次决策(比如库存策略或运输策略)的相互影响。因此,为了以最低成本满足客户的需求,需要从企业全局角度出发,将设施选址与其他层次决策中的一个或几个综合在一起考虑并进行集成优化,综合考虑设施选址、库存和运输成本,设计出最优的物流网络。本文在国内外关于物流配送中心选址研究的基础上,系统的研究了结合库存决策的选址问题。本文对物流网络设计中的配送中心选址、客户的分配和库存决策三个子问题进行集成研究。目标就是在达到一定客户服务水平的条件下,确定所需要建立的配送中心的数量和位置以及所选配送中心的客户分配和库存决策,使得总的选址成本最小化。本文在考虑客户需求是随机的且服从正态分布,订货具有到货提前期,配送中心有存储能力限制的前提下,将库存策略与配送中心选址及分配作为整体进行研究。为了在达到一定客户服务水平的同时可以减少商品的安全库存量,本文选用定量订货库存管理策略。以选址总成本最小化为目标,提出了一个库存控制决策和配送中心选址及分配决策相结合的决策优化模型。论文首先说明了选题的背景和意义,归纳了现实和理论意义,并提出了论文的主要研究目标和内容。接着综述了配送中心选址问题的研究现状,并分析了结合库存决策的配送中心选址问题的研究现状；通过对几种库存策略的比较,选择了一种定量订购库存策略,建立了基于库存决策的配送中心选址模型,并采用优化软件Lingo对该模型进行了编程求解,通过算例验算,结果表明,模型是合理的,算法是可行的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The location of distribution centers plays an important part in logistics network design, for it connects the suppliers and consumers, can directly affect the functions of logistics network, and can also devastate the improvements of the efficiency of logistics activity. Generally speaking, the traditional location problem tend to ignore the factors about inventory or transportation in the very beginning of network design, only make them into consideration afterwards. Those models lack the ability to handle the interaction of location decisions and decisions of other levels. Thus, in order to satisfy customer’s needs with the lowest cost, entrepreneurs need to integrate location problems with decisions from some other levels, such as inventory decision or transportation decisions, to balance the overall costs comprehensively, so as to design the most effective network. This paper mainly focuses on location problems integrated with inventory decisions on the basis of the present achievement that had been achieved by scholars at home and aboard.In this paper, problems about location of distribution centers and the allocation of customers and inventory decisions have been studied particularly. The target is to determine the quantity, location and inventory strategy of the distribution centers and the allocation of customers under a certain customer service level. In the meantime, make sure that the total costs minimum.Customer’s needs are supposed to be random and submit to normal distribution and independent, and there’s lead-time for orders, and capacity of distribution centers are limited. In this case, in order to achieve a certain customer service level and to reduce the inventory as much as possible, quantitative replenishment inventory strategy is chosen. A model is developed considering a stochastic demand and lead time to minimize the total cost.This thesis first analyses the background and propose of the problem, and then shows the innovation of this article, and then proposes the objective and the main idea. Secondly introduces the recent studies on location of distribution centers especially location of distribution centers based on inventory decision. And then the methods to solve this problem, at the mean time compares several models that being used quite frequently; then analyses the costs related to location of distribution centers based on inventory decision, and then forms a new model about location of distribution centers based on inventory decision. In the end uses lingo, a kind of software to solve optimization problems to solve the problem. Then introduces a case of distribution centers location to prove that the model is appropriate and the tool to solve the problem is effective.更多还原