【作者】 朱磊；

【导师】 魏姝；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 行政管理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,伴随着中国经济的快速成长,中国政府在诸多社会治理领域及许多社会项目的推动上,取得了令世界瞩目的成就。无论是抗震救灾中的高效有序、国际赛会上的富丽堂皇、推动社会治理中的令行禁止,都在国内外引起了对其背后的治理模式——举国体制的讨论。这些讨论对于厘清举国体制的成功经验,认清举国体制运作过程中所存在的诸多弊端,都大有裨益。然而,讨论往往发生在媒体与坊间,缺乏严格的实证调查或学理意义上的学术依据,原本是对一种中性治理模式的辨析常会沦为对意识形态的攻击。更重要的是,争论各方对举国体制的真实内涵与现实外延往往模糊不清,举国体制这样一个语词在争论各方的意识中常会呈现出截然不同涵义,在缺乏基本共识的情况下,谈论往往是含混与模糊的。因此,对举国体制基本概念的界定及对其在不同社会领域存在形态的分析,对举国体制来源及发展脉络的梳理,就成为了对举国体制治理模式深入研究与讨论的必要前提。通过对政府职能范围与能力强度的文献回顾,在既有的体育领域举国体制研究的基础上,对作为一种横跨各个社会治理领域的举国体制治理模式进行了基本的概念界定,通过在坐标系中对不同形态举国体制或不同时期内相同治理内容的举国体制的说明,来详述应如何划分与辨识在不同领域内存在着的政府强力程度不同的举国体制。对于学术界经常混淆两种社会治理模式：举国体制与运动式治理,本文也对其异同做出了鉴别。其次,本文追根溯源,对举国体制治理模式的历史脉络进行了梳理,对普遍存在的举国体制发生于集权主义中国的观点提出了不同意见,对举国体制与集权主义中国间的联系进行了厘析,并提出了举国体制何以发生于改革开放中国,探讨了举国体制的社会治理过程对于改革开放中国的正面与负面效应。再者,将当代对举国体制的论争嵌入到世界范围内有关中国模式与北京共识的讨论当中,透过中国模式及北京共识的整体论争这一视阈,重新对举国体制进行了认知。对当代社会全新的政治、经济、社会、文化环境下,举国体制所发生的诸多变革及其原因做出了梳理。对当代发生的举国体制论争的缘由进行了探讨。最后,在中国未来政治民主化与经济市场化趋势下,对作为一种非西方社会治理模式的举国体制,其在中国的前景及存在的必要性,其对处于现代化过程中的发展中国家所提供的借鉴意义,其对逐步迈入后现代社会的西方发达国家所给予的启示,进行了简单的分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years, china has witnessed rapid economic growth and has made Great achievements in many social governance fields which have attracted worldwide attention. The effective and efficient in Earthquake relief, the brilliant performance in international mega events, carry out administrative decrees promptly in social governance, all these phenomenon have created the discussion on its background----the whole nation system. All these controversies have helped to understand the success and downside of the whole nation system.While, most of these controversies occur in the media and public opinion, lack of rigorous empirical investigation or academic basis, the discussion often degenerated into attacks on ideology which originally should be a neutral analysis of the governance model. What matters more is that the intension and extension of whole nation system is blurring, the word "whole nation system" often present different meaning in each side of this debate, The controversy often lack of basic consensus. Therefore, a discussion on the concept definition of the whole nation system and collect the clues of the origin and developmental skeleton of whole nation system, will be the prerequisite of the study and analysis on whole nation system.Firstly, Through the review on the literature which refer to the limits of government function and government capacity. This paper defined the basic concepts of the whole nation system which regarded as a social governance model crossing different social fields. Through the statement on the whole nation system in different forms and different eras, making certain of how to make classification and identification on the whole nation system in different social fields. This paper also make comparison between the whole nation system and mobilized governance, which were often blurred by academia.Secondly, this paper collects the clues of the origin and developmental skeleton of whole nation system and challenged the general concept that the whole nation system grew out of totalitarian china. Bringing up the point that the whole nation system born after the reform and open up policy. Exploring the positive and negative effects during china’s reform and open up. What is more, by basing on the discussion of china model and Beijing consensus, this paper gains recognition of the whole nation system controversies. Touching the transformation the whole nation system in china’s new political, economic and culture environment. Exploring the reason of these controversies.Finally, considering the political democratization and economic marketization, do analysis on the prospect of the whole nation system. Thinking carefully about the reference significance of the system both to the developing countries which was in the process of modernization and the developed countries which have completed the modernization.更多还原