【作者】 高波；

【导师】 高贵富；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 工商管理， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 在市场环境极其复杂的今天，无论是何种企业，要想在竞争中立于不败之地，就必须使自己持续不断地赢利，要达到这一目的的有效途径是制定符合企业自身状况的发展战略，并能正确实施和有效控制。国有森工企业是我国林业的重要组成部分，在面临可采森林资源锐减的威胁下，国有森工企业必须坚持保护生态与发展产业并重。2003年，中央明确提出，在贯彻可持续发展战略中，要赋予林业以重要地位；在生态建设中，要赋予林业以首要地位；在西部大开发中，要赋予林业以基础地位。因此，如何制定与市场经济相适应，符合林业企业经营规律的发展战略，对于我国林业企业及行业整体的发展具有极为重要的意义。目前，我国学者就林业企业发展战略的相关研究还比较少。本研究以三岔子林业局作为研究对象，以战略管理理论、范围经济理论、产业竞争理论和可持续发展理论等作为研究的理论基础和依据，将基于二期天保工程政策大环境为研究的前提，对三岔子林业局未来的发展战略进行研究。在对目前企业的改革与发展情况定性与定量描述的基础上，运用SWOT分析法分析企业自身的优势及劣势、外部机会和威胁，明确三岔子林业局发展过程中存在的制约因素及问题,为企业未来的发展制定可行性战略，并提出新的适合三岔子林业局发展的企业战略，力求为企业今后的发展提供参考和依据，同时为我国其他林业企业提供具有一定价值的发展战略参考样本。论文共分六个大部分。第一部分是绪论。主要介绍本论文研究的背景、目的和意义，分析总结国内外研究现状，确定论文的研究方法、主要内容及文章结构框图。第二部分是相关理论的研究成果综述。本章首先对战略管理的性质和过程进行了简要介绍，对发展战略的内容进行归纳和总结，其中包括了稳定发展战略、发展战略和防御战略。在此基础上对战略管理以及研究所涉到的相关理论进行了综述。随后，对相关概念进行界定，主要涉及到国有森工企业的性质和天然林资源保护工程的内容。最后，概述了SWOT分析法的基本原理和分析过程。通过这些理论和方法的研究，为接下来的分析提供理论支撑和方法支持。第三部分从我国林业企业的发展实践、三岔子林业局改革历程及发展经营情况几方面展开分析，为企业战略环境的分析奠定基础。第四部分对三岔子林业局的战略环境进行分析，运用SWOT分析法明确企业的外部机会和威胁、内部优势和劣势。在外部环境中，天保工程等政策的不断完善为企业的发展带来了新的政策保障；森林旅游业快速崛起，木材供需矛盾问题以及产业竞争的稳定性为企业的发展提供了新的市场机遇。与此同时，企业还面临着木材产量下调，木材生产成本不断提高以及天保经费投入不足等诸多外部问题；林业发展的外部环境、现行的木材采伐和森林抚育政策也亟待改善。在内部环境分析过程中，三岔子林业局拥有丰富自然资源和旅游资源，地理位置优越，资源综合开发成效显著。在日常的经营管理中，企业拥有现代化的管理方式、高素质的员工队伍，信息化建设也初见成效。但是，三岔子林业局的自身也存在着许多阻碍其健康发展的问题：可采森林资源锐减；后备资源培育缺乏动力机制；基础设施建设相对滞后；科技创新意识薄弱；企业社会负担沉重；人力资源管理问题较多以及产业结构不尽合理等。这些也是制约林业企业健康发展的普遍问题。在分析了企业战略环境的基础上。本章进而进行归纳总结，绘制三岔子林业局的SWOT分析矩阵。第五部分是三岔子林业局发展战略的选择及战略对策的提出，本章首先阐述了制定三岔子林业局发展战略的指导思想和基本原则，在战略的选择及制定上要突出可持续性的原则，突出生态效益的原则，突出经济效益的原则，突出全面发展的原则，突出科技兴企的原则。在此基础上进一步明确企业发展的战略目标，选择稳定发展战略和多样化发展战略作为三岔子林业局的未来的发展战略。最后从七个方面提出推进企业战略实施的对策建议。即全面实施二期天保工程政策，将森林资源培育经营与市场机制相结合，拓宽林业产业发展的新思路，加强和完善企业信息化管理，加大对科学技术和专业人才的重视，提高企业管理创新能力，积极培育优秀的企业文化。第六部分总结全文，并进行相关研究的展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Now, in the extremely complex market environment, no matter what kind ofenterprises, being hope to be remain invincible in the competition, they must makethemselves obtain continuous profit. An effective way to achieve this goal is toformulate the development strategy which are suitable with their own status, and thestrategy can get the correct implementation and effective control. The state-ownedforestry enterprises is an important part of Chinese forestry, under the threat of theexhausted forest resources and the policy of reducing timber production, thestate-owned forestry enterprises must seriously both to protect the ecology and thedevelopment of industry. In2003, the central government made it clear that inimplementing the sustainable development strategy, we must give forestry the importantposition, in ecological construction, we must give forestry the primary position, in thewestern development, we must give forestry the basis position. Therefore, how toformulate the development strategy which must be suitable with the market economyand the forestry business law, has important significance for the development ofChinese forestry enterprises and forestry industry. At present, scholars researching tothe problems of development strategy for forestry are still relatively less.This paper makes the Sanchazi Forestry Bureau as the object of study, based on thestrategic management theory, the scope of economic theory, industry competitiontheory and the theory of sustainable development and so on, under the second-stageNatural Forest Protection Project policies, studies the development strategy of SanchaziForestry Bureau. By description of the data, this study first qualitatively analyzesSanchazi Forestry Bureau’s reform development and the present situation, uses SWOTmethod to analyze its own strengths and weaknesses, external opportunities and threats,be clear the constraints and problems, to formulate feasibility strategy for the futuredevelopment of Sanchazi Forestry Bureau. Then, discusses the strategic ways for the enterprise, striving to improve its conditions and provides some advice to other forestryenterprises. This paper has six parts.The first part is an introduction. Introduces the background, purpose andsignificance of this study, analyzes and summarizes the research situation, determinesthe research method, main content and study’s structure diagram.The second part is the research results summary of related theory. This chapter firstprovides a brief introduction on the nature and process of strategic management, andsummarizes the contents of the development strategy, including the stable developmentstrategy, development strategy and defense strategy. On this basis, gives the researchresults summary of strategic management theory. Then, the paper defines the relevantconcept, mainly related to the state-owned forestry enterprises and the Natural ForestProtection Project. Finally, provides an overview of the basic principles and maincontent of the SWOT analysis method.The third part analyzes the practice and development of Chinese forestryenterprises, Sanchazi Forestry Bureau’s reform process and the operation situation, tolay the foundation for the strategic environment analysis.The fourth part is to analyze the strategic environment of the Sanchazi ForestryBureau, uses SWOT method to analyze its own strengths and weaknesses, externalopportunities and threats. In the external environment, the constant improvement of theNatural Forest Protection Project and other policies supplies a new guarantee for thedevelopment of enterprises, the rapid rise of forest tourism, the much demand of thetimber and the weak industry competition provide new market opportunities for thedevelopment of enterprises. At the same time, the forestry enterprises are still facingwith some external threats, include the policy of reducing timber production, the timberproduction costs continue to increase, the funds of Natural Forest Protection Project areinadequate, some environmental problems and the existing timber harvesting and foresttending policies also need to improve. In the process of internal environmental analysis,Sanchazi Forestry Bureau has abundant natural resources, tourism resources andsuperior location, the comprehensive development has significant effect. In dailymanagement, the enterprise has modern management methods and high-qualitied staffs, information construction has initial success. However, the Sanchazi Forestry Bureaualso exists many problems which hinder its healthy development, the threat of theexhausted forest resources, the cultivation of reserve resources lacks of motivationmechanisms, social burdens are very onerous, serious human resources managementissues as well as irrational industrial structure. These are also the problems whichrestrict the healthy development of other forestry enterprises. Based on theenvironmental analysis. This chapter summarizes and draws Sanchazi Forestry Bureau’sSWOT analysis matrix.The fifth part are the strategic choices and strategic countermeasures analysis forSanchazi Forestry Bureau. This chapter first describes the guiding ideology and basicprinciple of the development strategy for Sanchazi Forestry Bureau, the principlestresses sustainability, ecological benefits, economic benefits, all-round developmentand science and technology. On this basis, the paper further clarify the strategicobjectives of the enterprises, select the stable development strategy and diversificationstrategy as a future development strategy of the Sanchazi Forestry Bureau. Finally, fromseven respects to investigate the strategy suggestions. They are comprehensivelyimplementing the second-stage Natural Forest Protection Project policies, combinatingthe forest resource business and the market mechanism, developing new ideas tobroaden the forestry industry, improving enterprise information management,recognizing the importance of mechanics, science and technology, improving enterprisemanagement innovation capability, building and nurturing corporate culturereasonablely.The sixth part concludes this paper and puts forward the outlook of the research.更多还原