【作者】 徐静；

【导师】 何祖新；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 举世瞩目的北京奥运会已降下帷幕,中国的体育也进入了后奥运时代。关于后奥运时代的研究,已经成为学术界的热点,人们从多领域,多视角不断探索和发掘。内容涉及政治,经济,文化,健康,人本等诸多方面,并且有关研究具有重要的社会价值,已经成为推动奥林匹克运动发展的动力。运用问卷调查法、文献资料法、数理统计等方法对后奥运时代大学生体育意识与体育行为的现状进行调查研究引导大学生形成终身体育意识,促进大学生体育意识转化为体育行为,增进健康、增强体质,提高大学生体育锻炼的主观能动性。同时,借用2008北京奥运会的“辐射”和“遗产”带动河南省大学生新的健身热潮,培养体育人才,推动河南体育产业的发展。论文研究结论如下：(1)北京奥运的成功举办对河南省大学生体育意识产生了一定积极的影响。河南省大学生普遍认为体育锻炼还是比较重要的。对健康概念的理解、终身体育意识概念的认识、科学的健身方法的掌握都有了较深的认知。(2)北京奥运会后通过对不同性别、不同年级、不同专业的大学生参与体育锻炼动机进行差异性比较,结果显示在社会交际维度存在着显著性差异(P<0.01)。(3)北京奥运会后河南省大部分大学生认为体育课是必修课必须要上,并且体育教师教授的内容是大学生体育技能与体育知识获得最重要的途径。其次是网络、电视对体育新闻的报告,赛事的转播,也使大学生对其有高度的关注,从中获取体育知识。(4)北京奥运会后河南省大部分大学生毕业后仍坚持继续体育锻炼,说明大学生已经意识到终身体育的重要性。(5)河南省大学生在奥运会成功举办前后体育行为变化有显著性差异(P<0.01)。北京奥运会举办前后不同性别、不同年级、不同专业大学生每周体育锻炼频数变化呈上升趋势。(6)北京奥运会举办后大学生每次体育锻炼持续时间较之北京奥运会之前呈上升趋势。不同性别、不同年级、不同专业的大学生在奥运会举办前后成显著性差异(P<0.01),且北京奥运会后大学生每次体育锻炼的时间都主要集中在30分钟-60分钟之间。(7)河南省大学生体育锻炼强度。男生的锻炼强度主要集中在中等强度与大强度上,而女生锻炼强度主要集中在无强度与轻度强度上。(8)河南省大学生参与体育锻炼的项目依次是“羽毛球、跑步、篮球、乒乓球、排球、网球、棋牌类、健美操、游泳、武术、足球、体操等；锻炼时间选择在下午和清晨,也比较符合学生的日常作息习惯；在锻炼场所选择上大部分学生都选择在免费开放的校内体育场馆。(9)北京奥运会后大学生年消费水平不高,主要集中在50-150元之间,可见大学生“花钱买健康”的观念还没有形成。(10)影响大学生体育锻炼的因素主要是个人因素和环境因素。个人因素主要是无时间、无兴趣、学习负担重、没钱、运动技能差；环境因素是缺少器材、体育场馆少、没有同伴。(11)北京奥运会之后河南省大学生体育锻炼动机与每周锻炼次数、每次锻炼时间、每次锻炼强度存在相关关系,相关系数分别为0.65、0.75、0.52。建议如下所述：(1)大力普及奥林匹克知识,创设浓郁的奥林匹克教育氛围。(2)新课程改革背景下加强河南省体育教师主导作用。(3)正确引导提高大学生体育消费水平。(4)完善高校的体育设施为高校体育教育提供必要的物质保证。更多还原

【Abstract】 Which has lowered the curtain for the Beijing Games, Chinese sport has entered the post Olympic era.On post-Olympic era,already became the academic circles the hot spot, people from multi-domains, the multi-angles of view explored and excavating unceasingly, the content involve politics, the economy, the culture, the health, the human this and so on many aspects, and the related research had the important social value, had become the driving force of promoting the development of the Olympic movement.Using the questionnaire survey procedure, literature methods and so on material law, mathematical statistic conduct the investigation and study to after Olympic Games time university student sports consciousness and the sports behavior present situation, guides the university student to form the lifelong physical culture consciousness, promotes the university student sports consciousness to transform as the sports behavior, improves one’s health, the enhancement physique, enhances the university student physical training the subjective initiative.Meanwhile, borrow2008Beijing Olympic Games with the "radiation" and "heritage" driven Henan University new fitness craze, and nurture athletic talent to promote the development of the industry Henan sports. Thesis research paper concludes as follows:Frist, the success of Beijing Olympics on college students consciousness of physical education in Henan province have had an impact. Physical training of college students in Henan province generally believe that it is quite important. Understanding for the health conscious, understanding of the concept of lifelong sports consciousness and scientific health master has a deep knowledge of the method.Second, Students participation in physical exercise motivation of Henan province are the rich cultural life, the Elimination of fatigue, social communication, enhance willpower and aesthetic, my motives are quite active and healthy of college students in physical exercise. By gender, difference of college students of different grades and from different professions, there are significant differences in the social dimension (P<0.01)Third, View of Beijing Olympic sports of college students in Henan province after more optimistic,70.7%on the sports class students think of course had to, and PE teacher is the students’ athletic and sports knowledge of the most important ways, but for the most part dull student think University of physical education. Followed by networking, television sports news reports, tournament coverage, also enables students to have a high degree of attention to gain access to sports knowledge.Fourth, After after the Beijing Olympic Games’ the Henan Province university student graduated still persisted the continuation physical training the student population was500people, accounted for the investigation population53.9%, explained the university student already realized the lifelong physical culture the importance. However after the Henan Province different sex university student graduated still persisted the physical training the male student population had to be higher than female student’s population, assumed the significance difference after the independent sample T-test (P<0.01)Fifth, Around the Henan Province university student succeeds at the Olympic Games conducts the sports behavior change to have the significance difference (P<0.01).Around the Beijing Olympic Games conduct the different sex university student each week physical training frequency change, the male student each week exercise frequency from conduct front in3and3above populations106people to increase to the success conduct after316people, the female student each week exercise frequency from conduct front in3and3above populations76people to increase to the success conduct after283people.And female student’s increase population must be higher than the male student population, each week physical training number of times mainly concentrates in3times.Front different specialized and the different grade university student week exercise frequency assumes in3and3above rises the tendency, in which big four students conducts after the Olympic Games is conducting the population compared to the Olympic Games to grow obviously.Sixth, Front the Beijing Olympic Games conduct the university student each time physical training duration change each week exercise duration to compare in30minutes above populations are conducting also assume the trend of escalation.Around the sex, the different grade, the different specialized university student does not conduct at the Olympic Games becomes the significance difference (P<0.01), after also the Olympic Games the university student each time physical training time all mainly concentrates in30minutes-60minutes.Seventh, Strength of physical training of college students in Henan province, the boys of exercise intensity on the main focus in the moderate and high intensity, while the girls strength and exercise intensity is mainly concentrated in the absence of mild intensity.Eighth, The Henan Province university student participates in the physical training the project is in turn "the badminton, jogs, the basketball, the ping pong, the volleyball, the tennis, the chess sign class, the body-building exercises, the swimming, the martial arts, the soccer, gymnastics and so on; The exercise time selection participates in the physical training in the afternoon and the early morning, also compares conforms to student’s daily work and rest custom; In exercises in the place choice the majority of students all to choose in the free opening school the sports facility; But in the exercise way,51.8%students chooses participates in the exercise which the school class and grade organizes, but also some35.5%students and schoolmate the family member exercises together.Ninth, After the Beijing Olympic Games the university student year consumption level is unoptimistic, mainly concentrates between50-150Yuan, the obvious university student "spends buys the health" the idea not to form.Tenth, Affects the university student physical training the factor mainly is individual factor and the environmental factor.Individual factor mainly is the student does not have the time, does not have the interest, the study to bear, the money, the movement skill heavily has not been bad; The environmental factor is lacks the equipment, the sports facility few, does not have the companion.Eleventh, Central China’s Henan Province after Beijing Olympic Games sports college students each week to work out motivation, exercise time, each time each time there is correlation between exercise intensity and the related factors, respectively0.65,0.750.52. Recommendations are as follows:First, The popular Olympics knowledge, establishes the rich Olympics to educate the atmosphere vigorously.Second, The new curriculum reforms under the background to strengthen the body Henan Province gym instructor leading role.Third, The correct guidance raises the university student sports consumption level.Fourth,, Improve the sports facilities for the College of physical education in colleges and universities to provide necessary material guarantees.更多还原