公众人物的道德责任问题研究

【作者】 朱涛；

【导师】 刘学礼；

【作者基本信息】 复旦大学 ， 思想政治教育， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 公众人物亦称公共人物,是指在一定范围内具有重要影响,为人们所广泛知晓和关注,并与社会公众利益密切相关的人物。其以社会知名度和社会公共利益相关性为构成要件,二者缺一不可,共同体现了公众人物的特性。如知名人士、明星等。公众人物区别于普通人的特性在于他的公众属性。他的言行举止都能在很短的时限内对普通人施加无意识的正面或负面的影响。公众人物由于他(她)们在社会中所处的地位和公众对他们的普遍认可,因而在社会中产生一定的影响力和感召力；有的公众人物甚至在一定社会人群中成为偶像对象和某种价值追求的载体、符号,有的更成为某些方面的形象代言人。正是由于公众人物在社会中的特殊地位和作用,因而公众人物在社会活动中,应该承担更多的公共道德责任,不辜负社会公众的热心期待。因此国家和社会要求这些公众人物的言行不但要合法,而且要符合社会道德规范,要成为道德的楷模和榜样。当前社会,一部分公众人物确实通过自己的言行举止发挥着道德的楷模和榜样的示范作用,但还有相当一部分公众人物在道德责任方面存在一些问题,主要表现为：“精神支柱方面的拜金主义和责任意识的弱化,凝聚力方面的离心离德和责任意识的逆反,文明秩序方面的道德虚无和责任意识的逃避,个人生活方面的享乐主义和责任意识的远离,存在意识方面的人情冷漠和责任意识疲软”。随着人们对现实生活中公众人物不负责任现象的反思,“道德责任”越来越受到人们的重视,道德责任概念的分量越来越显得沉重。历史实践不断地证明,道德责任作为一种意识、一种社会自觉,是任何高超的技术和深奥的知识都不能代替的。社会再离开道德责任,社会就无法存在,发展就更是妄谈。所以,今天我们需要将“道德责任”落实到每一个社会成员身上,这应该是道德建设的起点,也是要求“做一个有道德的人”的原因出处。我们越来越深刻地体会到,只有真正卓有成效地加强全社会尤其是公众人物的道德责任建设,才能有效地实现社会责任体系建设的目标和任务,才能夯实科学发展、社会和谐的文化根基。本文围绕现代社会公众人物的道德责任这一论题,在借鉴前人研究成果的基础之上,运用伦理学和政治学的基本原理,阐明道德责任的概念和特征,揭示道德责任的现实功能和理论维度,以及道德责任在社会主义道德建设中的地位和作用等不同方面,并通过对当前社会公众人物的道德责任现状进行调查研究,对其道德缺失现状进行梳理和剖析,对当前社会公众人物及其道德影响力进行界定,全面、深入、系统地构建关于公民道德责任问题的学术研究框架,融合伦理学、政治学的优势,探讨公众人物的道德责任构建和培育路径,以便促进公众人物积极发挥自身示范效应,推动社会道德进步。通过深化和丰富国内道德责任的理论研究,不仅对马克思主义伦理学学科建设具有重要的理论意义,而且对推动处于社会主义现代化建设过程中的中国道德进步也具有重要现实意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Public figure refers to the important influence inside certain limits, it is widely known and attention, and closely related with the social public interests of the people. His with social popularity and social public interests, both for constitutions correlation for the worst, common embodies the characteristics of public figures. If famous people star, etc. Characteristics of public figures are different from ordinary people in his public property. His actions were in a very short time limit can exert unconscious on ordinary people within the influence of positive or negative. Public figures in society because of the position and general recognition of the public about their in society, thus produce certain influence and charisma; Some public figure even in certain social crowd idols and became the carrier of some value pursuit, symbol, some more become some aspects of the image spokesperson. Because of public figures in society’s special status and role, and in social activities should take more moral responsibility, not betray the social public enthusiastic anticipation. So the state and society requires that these public figures, and not only to legitimate deeds to conform to social ethics, to become moral models and example.The current society, the part of the public figure did pass their behavior plays a moral model and example demonstration role, but still quite part of public figures in the moral responsibility there exist some problems, main show is:"commercialism, moral vanity, rebellious and hedonism, customs cold". As people in real life public figures irresponsible phenomenon, "moral responsibility" reflects more and more attention on the concept of moral responsibility, weight appears more and more heavy. Historical practice constantly proof, moral responsibility as a kind of consciousness, a kind of social consciousness, is any superb technology and esoteric knowledge can substitute. If social leave moral responsibility, social cannot exist. So today we need will "moral responsibility" fulfill each upon social members, this should be the starting point of moral construction, but also require "be a moral person" causes the source. We are getting deeply realize the effective, only to strengthen the whole society especially public figures the moral responsibility of construction, can effectively achieve the social responsibility system, the construction of the objectives and tasks, to solidify the science development, the social harmony culture foundation.Based on principles in ethics and politics, this paper tries to define the moral influences of public figures at present, makes analysis on its status quo, and then it goes further with exploration into the ways to construct and cultivate the moral responsibilities of public figures so as to stimulate them to have their positive effect on the society and promote improvement of social morality.更多还原