高速所风洞天平校准软件设计及实现

【作者】 胡涛；

【导师】 张利勋；

【作者基本信息】 电子科技大学 ， 软件工程， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 风洞试验是空气动力学研究的重要手段,它为各种飞行器的研制提供理论依据。而在风洞内所进行的各项试验及研究过程中,飞行器的受力情况、各种信息的获取则完全来自天平在六个自由度的受力情况。风洞应变天平是飞行器模型在风洞中进行模拟试验、感受各个方向的力和力矩的装置。由于天平在制作过程中一致性较差,因而需要高准确度地标定天平载荷和变形的关系。标定准确度直接影响试验结果。因此,国内外的空气动力试验机构都十分重视天平校准的研制工作。风洞天平校准是天平研制与应用的关键技术环节,天平校准计算公式和修订参数的准确性直接影响风洞试验数据质量。目前我部使用的天平校准程序是在人工手算天平公式的基础上编制的,虽然在一定程度上减轻了人工手算公式的负担,但也存在与校准技术精细化发展不相适应的方面:程序对校准数据的质量监控力度不够、缺乏对校准全流程的监控、计算的自动化程度不高;程序基于DOS环境用BASIC语言编写,人机接口不友好,不便于操作。为了提高天平校准质量和效率,适应风洞试验技术精细化不断发展的要求,提出研制新的天平校准系统的任务。校准过程表明,新程序运行于视窗环境,采集天平输出信号的同时监控电源电压,通过监控计算采集信号判断校准状态稳定性,对不合格的载荷点能单独加载和重新采集信号,单元载荷表编排方便,成功地改进了交叉载荷表和综合校准公式的计算方式,在综合校准过程中实时计算载荷,及时发现和纠正错误的加载和校准状态,规范了校准数据的管理;在相同校准条件下对同一台天平校准,新程序计算公式系数与原程序计算公式基本一致,有比较小的差异,但是合理的,而新程序综合校准计算误差比原程序略小;这表明新程序符合研制要求,可以用于天平校准。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wind tunnel test is a very important mean for aerodynamics research. It provides theoretical basis for the research and design of various aircrafts and high-speed vehicles. In the process of wind tunnel experiments, the data acquisition and force situations come from the six degrees of freedom wind tunnel balances bearing proportioned models. Strain gauge balances are the equipments to measure the forces and moment of forces applied on aircraft or vehicle models in wind tunnel tests. Eventually, it is very difficult to create wind tunnel balances equal, manufacturing errors make the balance have poor consistency. It is a must to calibrate errors between the balance loads and specific balances or stress-strain distortion to obtain high precision of force test. For this reason,home and abroad aerodynamics or wind tunnel research institutions attach great importance to develop wind tunnel balance calibrating technology.Wind tunnel balance calibration is the key link of the research and design of wind tunnel balance. Computational formulas and calibration coefficients directly determine the accuracy, availability, quality of data obtained in wind tunnel tests. At the present time, in our department, the program was designed referred to troublesome Calculating by manpower. Although this program could ease work load at some extent, there were obvious defects in data accuracy, calculating and calibrating degrees of automation too. This program was written in Basic language and ran on DOS operating system; the Human-computer interactive Interface was not very friendly, also uneasy to operate. In order to improve calibration quality of wind tunnel balance and promote efficiency, our department decided to research and designs a new and more advanced calibration program for wind tunnel balance.The new designed program runs on Windows Operating system with friendly GUI interface. It monitors and controls the voltage of power while it collects output signals from wind tunnel balance to differentiate whether it works in stable status. For the inferior quality points of load, the system could reload separately and redo data acquisition. It is very convenient to arrange unit load tables, also improved computing methods for crossing load table and synthesized calibrating formulas. While in the course of integrated calibration, the system could calculate force loads in real time and could find and correct errors from calibrating status or wrong loads in time. In same working condition, to calibrate the same wind tunnel balance with new designed program and original program, we concluded that the factors for formulas of computation for the two programs kept basically consistent, there is a only small difference, but fairly reasonable. The synthesized calibrating and computing errors by the new program are less than those by original program. All tests demonstrate that new designed program satisfies the requirements; it was already permitted and authorized to calibrate wind tunnel balances.更多还原