【作者】 张琦；

【导师】 章正璋；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 法律， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 风险自负作为古老的侵权行为抗辩事由,是指原告在明知存在某种危险的情况下,主动同意自行承担因被告行为可能引起的后果,从而达到免除或减轻被告过失侵权责任的效果。我国法律没有对其明文规定,但在司法实践中却被频繁引用。由于成文法上的缺位,法官行使自由裁量权不可避免,造成“同类型案件不同判决结果”现象的大量出现,这严重影响了司法权威。本文针对此种情况,试图从风险自负的基本内涵、风险自负的构成要件、风险自负的类型、风险自负在国外的立法及司法实践、风险自负与相关抗辩事由、风险自负在不同侵权类型中的应用与规制、以及设立风险自负抗辩事由的必要性和可行性等相关法律问题,进行深入、全面的探究,建议从立法层面将风险自负作为一种不承担责任和减轻责任的情形予以明确。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the old tort defenses, the concept of assumption of risk is that plaintiff knows some risks existing, but plaintiff still agrees to bear the possible consequences caused by the defendant initiatively in order to waive or reduce the effect on fault of the defendant, Chinese laws do not expressly provide them, but assumption of risk has frequently been cited in judicial practice. Because of the absence of statute, the judge’s discretion is inevitable, which results in "a different verdict with the similar types of cases," the phenomenon with large numbers cases has seriously affected the judicial authority. This paper analyzes the detailed contents about the basic content of assumption of risk , the constituent elements of assumption of risk, types of assumption of risk, assumption of risk in the foreign legislation and judicial practice, assumption of risk and related defenses, assumption of risk in different types of infringement application and regulation, the necessity and feasibility to establish assumption of risk and other related legal issues in order to conduct in-depth and comprehensive inquiry, based on the analysis and inquiry, finally this paper recommends to set the assumption of risk including not responsible for and mitigate the responsibility on the legislative level.更多还原