【作者】 王俊；

【导师】 夏国军；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 马克思主义哲学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 生态社会主义是生态学和马克思主义相结合的产物,旨在用生态学来补充和发展马克思主义,以马克思主义理论去解释当代的生态危机,试图为人类生存寻找一条崭新的路径和可能。高兹的生态社会主义属于生态社会主义的第二代理论。高兹是在西方生态危机爆发、西方绿党成立和生态社会主义既己产生的历史背景下,在对存在主义人学思想、马克思主义自然观和社会主义观以及法兰克福学派社会批判理论的借鉴下提出自己的生态社会主义理论的。高兹生态社会主义强调人、自然、社会的统一,他认为树立三者统一的整体观是构建生态社会主义的前提。高兹对以“经济理性”主导的资本主义社会展开了一系列的批判,包括对资本主义唯利是图的批判,指出其酿成生态危机；对资本主义劳动分工的批判,认为其造成了人的异化；对资本主义科学技术的批判,认定其具有政治独裁性；对资本主义社会生活的批判,指责其旨在维护资产阶级的统治。高兹在对资本主义的种种不合理状态进行批判的同时也提出了自己对于未来生态社会主义的设想,他期望建立一个以生态理性为中心的社会主义社会,进行经济理性服从生态理性的生态重建,生产方式变得自由自决,人们的发展更自由和更全面。高兹生态社会主义的生态理性真正张扬了启蒙理性,他的政治生态学具有合理的辩证思想。同样,高兹生态社会主义也存在有待商榷的地方：他对资本主义的批判基于一种悲观的人本主义,他对资本主义科学技术的批判显现出“技术决定论”的倾向,他对于未来生态社会主义的构想也充满着乌托邦色彩。除此之外,高兹的生态社会主义带给我们的启示更应该被我们在今天所借鉴：高兹对消费异化的批判有助于我们树立合理的消费观,他的生态理性有助于我们树立正确的生态观,他的整个生态社会主义为我们构建和谐社会提供理论借鉴,有助于我们不断开创中国特色社会主义事业新局面。更多还原

【Abstract】 Eco-socialism is the combination of ecology and Marxism, aims to supply and develop Marxism by ecology and to explain the contemporary ecological crisis through Marxist theory so as to seek for a brand-new path or possibility for the human existence. The eco-socialism of Gorz belongs to the second generation theory of eco-socialism.Gorz’s eco-socialism puts forward under the historical background of ecological crisis in the West, the establishment of the western greens and the production of eco-socialism. He also references the theories about human science of existentialism, the view on nature and socialist of Marxism’s and the social critical theory of Frankfurt School. Gorz’s eco-socialism emphasizes integration among people, nature, society and he holds the establishment of the Holism view of the three is the premise to build the eco-socialism. Gorz launches a series of criticism to capitalist society whose leading concept is "economic rationality", including criticism of seeking nothing but profits to lead to the ecological crisis; the division of labor to cause the alienation of human; the science and technology for its nature of political dictatorship and social life for its aim of safeguarding the rule of the bourgeoisie. In the meantime, Gorz hopes to establish a society with its center is ecological rationality, economic rationality should be obey to ecological rationality, the mode of production would become self-determination, the development of people would be free and more comprehensive.The ecological rationality of Gorz’s eco-socialism has a real publicity of Enlightenment rationality and his political ecology theory has reasonable dialectical thought. However, Gorz’s eco-socialism also has questionable places:His critique of capitalism is based on pessimistic humanism; his critique of capitalism’s science and technology shows the tendency of "technological determinism" and his vision for ecology socialism is full of Utopia color. Anyway, the inspiration we drew from Gorz’s eco-socialism is more deserved us to use for reference today:The critique of consumer alienation helps to establish a reasonable attitude to consumption; his ecological rationality contributes to have a correct view of ecology; his whole eco-socialism provides a theoretical reference for us to build the harmonious society, helping us to continuously create new stages of socialist undertakings with Chinese characteristics.更多还原