【作者】 王敏；

【导师】 俞经善；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 计算机应用技术， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 软件测试是保证软件质量和可靠性的重要手段。面向对象技术发展迅速并得到业界的普遍认同,成为人们首选的开发模式。但在这种开发模式给用户带来巨大方便的同时,其特性,例如继承、多态、封装、抽象等,让面向对象软件各个模块之间关系更加复杂以及结构难以理解,最终给软件测试带来新的问题。因此,传统的软件测试技术将不能直接应用于面向对象软件的测试过程,这就需要人们结合面向对象技术的特性,研究新的测试理论、方法来与之相适应。本论文的目标是研究一种进行面向对象软件测试的策略。这种策略基于Kung等人提供的测试支持工具对象关系图进行研究,此图用于展现类间的继承、聚合和关联关系。但基于对象关系图的测试研究只考虑软件的静态结构,未对动态结构进行展现,而且已有的对象关系图环路破坏算法存在不足和需要改进的地方,论文都将对此进行改进。文章关于面向对象测试策略的研究是基于类间依赖关系的分析而进行的。首先,根据选择测试程序的不同时期,类间依赖关系分为静态依赖和动态依赖。目标类的依赖关系包括目标类依赖类的集合和依赖目标类的集合。然后,根据类间依赖关系分析结果,论文定义测试层次和研究其生成过程,并形式化的表示每个类所处的层次。接下来在此基础上,论文进行测试顺序的定义和生成过程研究。测试顺序将以下标的形式来定义,其中包括一级下标(代表测试层次),二级下标(代表主顺序)和三级下标(代表簇内顺序)。最后,文章通过方法复用验证和属性复用验证对一种测试策略进行效率考证。本文案例将选择零码平台中的一个子系统进行测试,应用论文研究的测试策略得到测试顺序。最后通过测试效率验证方法和同传统测试之间的对比考证其效率。更多还原

【Abstract】 Software testing is one of most important means to ensure software quality and reliability. Object-Oriented technology developed rapidly and has been recognized by peoples of the industry, and has became the preferred development model. But this development model brings a huge convenience to the user, at the same time, has made object-oriented software difficult to understand and the relationship between the various modules of the software more complex, eventually has brought new problems to software testing. So, traditional software testing techniques can not be directly applied to object-oriented software. This will require a combination of object-oriented features, and require people to study the new theories and methods to adapt it.The goal of this thesis is to study a strategy of object-oriented software testing. This strategy is researched based on a testing support tools Object Relation Diagram provided by Kung. The object relation diagram is used to show inheritance, aggregation and association of the relationship between classes. But the object relation diagram only considers the static structure of software, did not show the dynamic structure. And the existing circle damage algorithm based on object relation diagram has deficiencies and areas for improvement. The paper will be improve deficiencies above.The paper on the research of object-oriented test strategy is based on the analysis of dependencies between classes. First, depended on the different periods of chosen time of test procedure, dependencies between classes is divided into static and dynamic dependencies, and dependencies of the target class includes a collection of elements which the target class depended and a collection of elements which depend the target class. Then, based on analysis of dependencies between classes, the paper defines testing level and research generation process of testing level, and show the testing level of every chass formally. And then, based on the above, the paper defines testing order and research generation process of testing order, including stair subscript(representative of testing level), ambipolar subscript(representative of testing order) and third class subscript(representative of child testing order). Finally, through method reusability validation and property reusability validation, the paper will verify the efficiency of a test strategy. In this project, we will test a subsystem of the zero-code platform with the application of the test strategy of the paper. Finally, the paper verifies its efficiency by the validation methods and comparing with traditional software testing techniques.更多还原