【作者】 刘静波；

【导师】 王登峰；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 车辆工程， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 安全、节能、环保是当今社会汽车研究三大主题。随着汽车保有量的大幅度增加,汽车碰撞事故高发,乘员的伤亡数量大幅增加,汽车的被动安全性越来越受到汽车生产企业及消费者的关注。因为侧面碰撞占交通事故的30%,其碰撞安全性成为被动安全性研究重要课题。本文结合所在单位产品出口研发改进实际项目,从某轿车满足美国侧面碰撞法规的具体要求出发,首先将我国侧面碰撞法规与美国侧面碰撞法规进行了对比分析,找到两者异同,确定满足美国侧面碰撞法规的改进方向。进而提出车身侧面碰撞安全方案,并进行可行性分析。建立了某轿车的三维CAD模型,通过模型简化和有限元离散化进一步建立了整车及可变形移动壁障有限元分析模型。运用PAM-CRASH软件,按照美国法规FMVSS 214要求进行侧面碰撞模拟分析,得到其碰撞变形形式、假人伤害指标值及相关变形曲线,按照美国法规要求进行被动安全性分析和评价。结果表明,假人头部伤害HIC值和骨盆加速度两项指标不满足美国侧碰法规FMVSS 214的要求,需要做进一步改进设计。接着,针对原车仿真分析结果表现出的不足,对影响侧面碰撞的关键零部件结构进行改进设计,并改进后的整车模型进行了侧碰仿真分析与评价,结果表明改进后的车身结构在侧碰过程中车门、中立柱变形不大,车身后部刚性大大提高。从假人HIC伤害指标、骨盆加速度曲线、中立柱与驾驶员座椅中心线距离均满足美国法规FMVSS 214的要求,改进结果令人满意。最后,对改进后的样车进行了实车侧面碰撞试验,并将试验结果与改进前后的仿真结果进行了分析对比,结果表明试验结果与改进后的整车侧碰仿真分析结果相吻合,从而验证了本文建立的整车侧碰有限元模型的有效性。实车侧碰试验结果得到的被动安全性指标满足美国法规FMVSS 214的要求,实现了本文的研究目标。更多还原

【Abstract】 Safety, energy saving, environmental protection are the most important research for automobile industry on the world. More automobiles cause more collision accidents and more and more occupant’s injuries. so passive safety is concerned. Because the side collision accounts for 30% of its traffic accident, collision safety becomes passive safety research important topic.Combining with the actual project, that port products of the enterprises to improve the actual project, according to achieve the United States to the specific of the side impact regulation requirements, This article description the method below. The first , contrast the side collision regulations between the United States of America and China, find the similarities and differences. Research how to achieve. And then put forward the vehicle side impact safety scheme, and the feasibility analysis. Established the mathematical model of 3D CAD body in white. By simplifying and finite element discretization to establish models of the vehicle and the deformable moving barrier for finite element analysis. Application PAM-CRASH software, according to the requirements, of the United States FMVSS 214 regulations for side crash simulation analysis. Get the deformation form, dummy injury index and relative deformation curves .Through the analysis of passive Safety, we found that there are two indicators do not meet the United States side collision regulations the requirements of FMVSS 214, the dummy head injury HIC and pelvic acceleration. We must to improved the design of body.Then, according to the original vehicle simulation results show inadequacy, improved the design of key components which affect the side impact . The side crash simulation analysis and evaluation had been done on the improved vehicle model. The results show that the improved body structure in side impact door, in the post deformation is small, the rear part of the vehicle greatly improve the rigidity. From the dummy head injury HIC , pelvic acceleration curve of column and the driver’s seat, distance from center line shall meet the requirements of the FMVSS 214 the United States laws and regulations, improve the satisfactory results.Finally, the improved model for vehicle side impact test, and the test results and the simulation of the improved results are analyzed and compared. The results showed that the test results and the improved vehicle side crash simulation analysis, which verified the vehicle side impact the validity of the finite element model. Vehicle side impact test results obtained by the passive safety indicators meet the United States laws and regulations the requirements of FMVSS 214, achieve the goal of this paper.更多还原