【作者】 向锐；

【导师】 姚萍；

【作者基本信息】 西南财经大学 ， 国际贸易学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 随着世界经济一体化和贸易自由化进程的深入和加快,WTO作用的日益发挥,传统的关税逐渐下降,出口配额、许可证制度、外汇管制等非关税措施受到约束和限制,以技术法规、技术标准、合格评定程序和绿色壁垒等为主要内容的技术性贸易壁垒(TBT)日益突出,并且涉及的领域越来越多,影响的范围越来越广,成为非关税壁垒的主要组成部分,也成为发达国家实行贸易保护主义的主要手段和高级形式。中国从多年前的汽车纯进口国跃至近年的生产的大国,并在出口上有了飞速的增长。然而表面的现象不能掩盖的事实是：汽车产品的出口也受到了越来越多的技术性贸易壁垒的制约。如何正确评估和合理应对汽车产品技术性贸易壁垒的影响,趋利避害,成为国内许多专家和学者共同关注的焦点。本文从系统阐述国内外研究技术性贸易壁垒的方法和成果开始,首先从经济理论上探讨了技术法规和标准等技术性贸易壁垒措施对汽车产品出口的影响效应,得出长短时期内,正负两种不同的效应；然后具体结合我国汽车产品出口进行论证,通过收集大量现实数据,分析比较汽车产品出口代表的几个指标值,客观上得出我国汽车产品出口遭受技术性贸易壁垒的现状,并在此基础上引入衡量贸易量与关系因素的引力模型分析方法,选取中国汽车产品出口的重要对象国俄罗斯情况为例,就技术性贸易壁垒对我国汽车产品的出口影响作了实证检验。实证检验的结果表明,俄罗斯汽车进口的合格认证程序对我国汽车产品的出口具有显著的负面效应。最后,本文根据理论分析和实证检验的结果,从政府和企业两个不同的层面,提出了如何跨越技术性贸易壁垒的一些对策和建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the depth and deep of the world economic integration and trade liberalization, the daily playing of WTO’s role, the gradually decreasing of the traditional tariffs, the constraint and restriction to non-tariffs measures such as export quotas, the licensing system, the foreign exchangecontrols, it is sticking out day by day that technical barriers to trade (TBT) has become main contents which contain the technical regulations, technical standards, conformity assessment procedures and green barriers. Owing to the fields involved are more and more, the area influned wider and wider, TBT has become a main part of non-tariffs, also the primary means of earring the trade protectionism and its high forms. China which could import cars purely many years ago has now become a big country that can product cars, and has a speed increase in export. But the fact is:the automotive exports are restricted by TBT. It has become a concerning focus of many experts and scholars how to assess correctly and reasonably deal with the influence of automotive products’ TBT.From the beginning of the ways and results of discribing the research on TBT at home and abroad, the paper firstly has systematically inquired the effect of technical laws, standards, and TBT’s measures to the export of automotive products; obtained two positive and negative different effect during long-short period of time, and then combined Chinese export of automotive products with demonstrating; analysed and compared the value of a targets on behalf of automotive exports through collecting a lot of data; objectively found the present condition that Chinese auto- products are being suffered TBT. And on this base the paper introduces the judgement of the analysis between the trade volumes and the gravity models of relational factors, chooses the important country of Chinese export of automotive products just like Russia as an example, and makes a positive test according to TBT effects on Chinese export of automotive products. The positive test’s result has declared:the qualified legalized program of Rasian import of automotive has a remarkable negative effect to our auto-products. At last, this paper puts forward how to step over some countermeasures and proposals of technical barriers to trade according to the results of the theory analyzing and positive testing, from two different fields between the government and the buiseness.更多还原