【作者】 李军；

【导师】 徐庆红；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 化学工程与技术， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 高纯的单晶硅由于其良好的半导体特性,不仅是现代信息产业的基础材料,也是最常见的光伏电池材料。在现有工艺和条件下,从电池性能上讲,单晶硅是制造太阳能电池比较理想的材料。因此,如何更有效的提高单晶硅光电转化的效率,成为现阶段单晶硅太阳能电池研究中最亟待解决的问题。本论文主要利用含有共轭基团的有机分子对单晶硅表面进行改性修饰,制备出一系列的共轭有机体系/n型单晶硅复合材料,用以提高单晶硅材料的光电转化效率。主要工作如下：1.磺化聚苯胺/n型单晶硅复合材料的制备及光电性质研究：通过Si-C键将对溴苯胺、对氨基苯乙炔以及对氨基苯乙烯三种有机分子预组装到n型单晶硅表面,并在此基底上合成聚苯胺共轭体系,使得聚苯胺体系通过以下三种方式即直接组装、通过-C=C-键组装以及通过-C-C-键组装到单晶硅表面,最后在聚苯胺体系中引入磺酸根基团,达到有机修饰单晶硅表面的目的。结果表明,由于磺酸根基团的存在,使得修饰后的硅片表面的电位发生改变,导致开路时的光电压数值向负电压方向移动。同时由于聚苯胺本身为共轭体系,直接与单晶硅表面相连时其光电流密度要大于以-C=C-键和-C-C-键为桥梁时的光电流密度,而聚苯胺通过-C=C-键与单晶硅表面相连亦能形成共轭体系,其光电流密度大于以-C-C-键相连时的光电流密度值。2.叶绿素铜钠盐及其衍生物/n型单晶硅复合材料的制备及光电性质研究：以C≡C键取代叶绿素铜钠盐(SCC)分子末端的C=C键,制备含有C≡C键的叶绿素铜钠盐(SCCa)。并在此基础上成功将SCC及SCCa分子分别组装到单晶硅表面,使得两种分子内的卟啉环分别通过-C=C-键以及-C-C-键嫁接到Si原子上,制备出SCC/n型单晶硅复合材料以及SCCa/n型单晶硅复合材料。结果表明,由于卟啉环本身为共轭体系,当其通过-C=C-键嫁接到硅表面时,卟啉环与-C=C-键共同构成共轭体系,对于电子的传递更加具有促进作用,而当卟啉环通过-C-C-键组装到单晶硅表面时,由于-C-C-键本身不存在共轭效应,所以它的存在阻碍了电子在单晶硅与卟啉环之间的传递,因而导致了SCCa/n型单晶硅复合材料的光电流密度大于SCC/n型单晶硅复合材料。更多还原

【Abstract】 Due to its good electrical properties, high purity of monocrystalline silicon is not only the basic material for modern information industry, but also the most common material for photovoltaic battery. Concerning the existing conditions, monocrystalline silicon is the ideal material to produce solar battery for a good battery performance. Therefore, one of the most urgent problems in the study of single crystal silicon solar battery is how to improve the efficiency of photoelectric transformation effectively.In this thesis, we mainly used the organic molecules containing conjugate groups to modify the surface of monocrystalline silicon, and prepared a series of organic conjugated system/n-type monocrystalline silicon composite materials in order to improve the efficiency of photoelectric conversion. All tasks as follow:1. Studies on photoelectric chemical properties of a series of sulfonated polyanilines/n-Si(111) crystalline:Surfaces of Si(111)-H crystal were respectively derived with 4-bromoaniline,4-vinylaniline and 4-ethynylaniline by Grignard reaction and hydrosilylation reactions to give Si-C linked with self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) in the presence of lauroyl peroxide. Assemblies of polyaniline/n-Si(111) crystal were prepared basing on the reactions between SAMs and anilines. Additionally, the sulfonic acid ring-substituted polyanilines (SPANI) were prepared via the above linker molecules to fabricate a series of assemblies of SPANI/n-Si(111) crystal. Analysis results indicated that the open circuit photovoltages of the composite electrodes moved to more negative direction and much large photocurrent densities obtained after -SO32- groups were introduced into the assemblies. Due to the conjugated structure in PANI, the photocurrent density of the composite electrodes that PANI connected to n-Si(111) crystal directly is larger than that of PANI connected to silicon surface by -C=C- bonds, and the latter is larger than that of PANI connected to silicon surface by -C-C- bonds because of conjugated structure existing in assembly of Si-C=C-PANI electrode.2. Studies on photoelectric chemical properties of chlorophyll copper sodium (and its derivatives)/n-Si(111) crystalline:The chlorophyll copper sodium containing C≡C bonds (SCCa) was prepared through replacing terminal C=C bonds in chlorophyll copper sodium (SCC) with C=C bonds and the assemblies of SCC/n-Si(111) and SCCan-Si(111) crystal were fabricated through grafting SCC and SCCa on surface of n-Si(111) by hydrosilylation reactions, respectively. The resulting assemblies presented the structures with porphyrin rings contained in SCC and SCCa linking to n-Si(111) through C-C and C=C bonds, respectively. Analysis results indicated that the photocurrent density of the composite electrodes that SCCa connected to n-Si(111) crystal is larger than that of SCC connected to silicon surface due to conjugated bonds existing between silicon and porphyrin rings.更多还原