【作者】 张博；

【导师】 何开跃；

【作者基本信息】 南京林业大学 ， 植物学， 2012， 硕士

【摘要】 本研究以山核桃属(CaryaNutt)的薄壳山核桃Carya illinoensis(Wangench.) K. Koch和山核桃(Carya cathayensis Sarg.)为研究对象，以刺槐(Robinia pseudoacacia Linn.)、萝卜(Raphanus sativus Linn.)和黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)为受试植物，研究实验室条件下山核桃属两种植物叶片水浸提物和自然挥发物对三种受试植物种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响。通过氯仿热回流及高效液相色谱法，提取并鉴定了两种植物叶片中的化感物质胡桃醌，并测定其含量。主要结论如下：1.山核桃属两种植物的水浸提物及自然挥发物对三种受试植物种子的萌发率、幼苗根长、苗高均有不同程度的抑制作用，但抑制作用大小各不相同。两种植物的水浸提物及自然挥发物对三种受试植物种子幼苗根长、苗高抑制作用表现为对根长的抑制大于苗高。2.山核桃属两种植物水浸提物及自然挥发物使三种受试植物幼苗体内可溶性蛋白含量降低，SOD、POD活性降低，MDA含量升高。3.化感作用综合效应指数计算结果显示：水浸提液和自然挥发物处理下，薄壳山核桃的化感作用潜力均大于山核桃。两种供试植物对3种受试植物的化感作用均表现出了选择性，薄壳山核桃叶和山核桃叶的水浸提液对萝卜幼苗的生长的抑制作用最强，对黑麦草的抑制作用次之，对刺槐的抑制作用则最弱。薄壳山核桃叶的自然挥发物对萝卜幼苗的生长的抑制作用最强，对黑麦草的抑制作用次之，对刺槐的抑制作用则最弱。山核桃叶片的自然挥发物对黑麦草幼苗的生长的抑制作用最强，对萝卜的抑制作用次之，对刺槐的抑制作用则最弱。4.通过氯仿热回流提取法及HPLC法，从薄壳山核桃、山核桃叶片中提取并鉴定了胡桃醌成分，并测定了其含量。薄壳山核桃叶片中所含有的胡桃醌含量高于山核桃。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study, allelopathy of the water extracts and volatiles of Caryaillinoensis(Wangench.) K. Koch and Carya cathayensis Sarg. were studied. Allelopathiceffects on Robinia pseudoacacia, Raphanus sativus, Lolium multiflorum were evaluated.Juglone was extracted, and identified and its content determined by chloroform thermal refluxand high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed as follows:1. Water extracts and volatiles of two CaryaNutt species inhibited the germination rate,root length and seedling height of the three receptors, but the degree of inhibition is different.Most of the suppression degree of the root length is greater than that of the seedling height.2. Water extracts and volatiles of two CaryaNutt species reduced the activity of peroxidase(POD), hyperoxide mutase (SOD) of the three receptors. However, the content ofmalondiadehyde (MDA) of three receptors was increased.3. The results of allelopathic synthetic effect showed that Carya illinoensis(Wangench.) K.Koch had stronger allelopathy than that of Carya cathayensis Sarg. with the processing of thewater extracts and volatiles; but the allelopathy on the three receptors appeared selectivity. Themagnitude order of suppression degree of the water extracts of Carya illinoensis(Wangench.)K. Koch and Carya cathayensis Sarg. on the three receptors was Raphanus sativus, Loliummultiflorum, and Robinia pseudoacacia. The magnitude order of suppression degree of thevolatiles of Carya illinoensis(Wangench.) K. Koch was Raphanus sativus, Lolium multiflorum,and Robinia pseudoacacia. The magnitude order of suppression degree of the volatiles of Caryacathayensis Sarg. were Lolium multiflorum, Raphanus sativus, and Robinia pseudoacacia.4. Juglone was extracted, and identified and its content was determined with chloroformthermal reflux and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The content of Juglone inCarya illinoensis(Wangench.) K. Koch is higher than that of Carya cathayensis Sarg..更多还原