【作者】 张杰；

【导师】 谭纵波；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 建筑学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 英国是现代城市规划的发源地之一,其总体城市化率已经超过80%,城市发展较为成熟且已经进入一个相对平缓的时期,相应地,作为城市发展的主要引导和控制框架,英国的规划体系在其城市发展过程当中一直都体现出与时俱进的特征,不断地被予以调整和修正。2004年,随着《规划与强制收购法》的颁布实施,英国规划体系发生了自1968年以来最大的一次根本性调整,许多方面都产生了变化。英国的规划体系按其分类方式可以分为规划框架与开发控制两大部分。其中规划框架是开发控制的基础,开发控制则是规划框架产生作用的核心机制。作为规划框架中的核心内容,发展规划是一切开发控制或管理政策的法定依据,也是借鉴英国经验最为直接的研究切入点。考虑到英国作为一个联合王国的特殊性,本文以英联邦的四个国家中最具代表性的英格兰为例,以其从国家、区域到地方层面的发展规划为基本研究对象,通过介绍、对比以及配合相关文件对发展规划进行解读等办法进行深入研究和探讨,全面、真实、严谨地反映出英格兰新体系下发展规划的编制方法、特点、内容及作用机制等,以期对其规划体系、规划文化等方面有较为准确的认识,并且获得一些对我国城市规划编制的发展有益的经验。本文首先介绍英国的政治体制、民主观念、经济体制等方面的背景情况,以及2004年前后规划体系演变过程和其他一些基本概念,这也是本文之后研究的基础。在此前提下,本文分别在区域和地方这两个层面上各自选取若干实例,并在各自层面上对其最新编制的发展规划文件进行概括介绍,使读者对英国发展规划的编制形成一个总体印象,进而再就各个层面的发展规划进行深入的比较分析,配合各类相关研究报告、政策声明等文件进行深入解读,全面地反映区域、地方层面发展规划的核心意图、应对的优先事务、具体政策办法,以及实施监控机制等,总结新体系下发展规划在区域和地方层面各自的特点以及相互之间的关系等。最后,本文总结上述研究并得出结论。更多还原

【Abstract】 The UK is one of the cradles of modern urban planning, with a general urbanization rate over 80%, in which the cities have already come into a gently phase of development, accordingly, as the main lead and control framework, the planning system of the UK has always shown its character of keeping pace with times, and continuously been adjusted and amended. In the year 2004, with the publishing and implementing of Planning and Compulsory Act 2004, a fundamental change has happened to the planning system which has been used since 1968 in many aspects.According to the British pattern, the planning system can be divided into two main parts of plan framework and development control. Plan framework is the basis of development control, while development control is the core mechanism that can deliver plan framework. As the core contents of plan framework, development plans are the statutory basis, and the direct entry point of research which aims to draw experience from the UK. Considering the special situation of the UK as an united kingdom, this paper takes England as an example and uses the regional and local development plans as the basic objects of study to show truly the preparation, character, content and delivery mechanism of the development plan under the new system in the UK by introducing and comparing the development plans and using the related reports or other policy statements, so it can get the correct cognition of the new system and the changing planning culture, and also find something useful for the development of urban planning in China.This paper firstly introduces the contextual situation which contains the political system, the democratic cognition and the economic regime in the UK, and the changing course of the planning system before and after 2004 with some other related conceptions, these are the basis of the later research of this paper. Under this premise, the paper chooses several examples both at the regional and local level and introduces the development plans, which are newly prepared at each level, so as to make the readers have a general impression. Then it compares and analysises the development plans at each lever through themselves and the other references so as to show the core vision of development plans at each level, the priorities, the package of policies, and implement and monitoring mechanisms, and after the study above, the paper summarizes the characteristics and relations of development at the regional and local level. Finally, the paper summarizes all the study above and achieves the conclusion.更多还原