【作者】 王为；

【导师】 季如进；

【作者基本信息】 清华大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 信用是经济社会发展的重要基石,建设社会信用体系是完善我国社会主义市场经济体制的客观需要。2007年,国务院办公厅下发了《关于社会信用体系建设的若干意见》,强调行业信用建设是社会信用体系建设的重要组成部分。房地产行业在改善人民生活,推动经济社会发展等方面起到了十分重要的作用,但其发展暴露了严重的信用危机,信用建设迫在眉睫。房地产行业信用建设对建立社会信用体系,完善社会主义市场经济体制有重要意义。论文在此背景下,以房地产开发企业信用为研究对象,展开了广泛的调研和研究,建立了房地产开发企业信用评价指标体系,包括指标构成、信用评价模型和信用等级设置3部分,并选取案例进行了实证研究。论文首先研究确定了评价指标的三级结构,一级指标确定为企业客观信用能力、企业经营信用情况和企业履行社会责任信用情况。然后利用德尔菲法得到了指标的具体构成,即3个一级指标,18个二级指标,33个三级指标。建立的指标与房地产开发企业资质评定挂钩,紧密结合房地产开发流程及特点,并将社会责任纳入到信用评价。在此基础上,论文构建了房地产开发企业信用评价模型。模型分一票否决和综合评价2个层次。参评企业若存在模型总结归纳的12项一票否决指标,直接列入黑名单,若不存在,则进入综合评价。综合评价首先采用打分法对指标实际值无量纲化,通过择优比较法为指标赋权,然后以加权和模型合成指标评价值。经专家研讨和企业调研,确定了各信用指标的评价标准及方法,该方法将得分法与累进扣分法相结合,要求广泛听取利益相关方的意见,保证了评价结果的公开、公平、公正和公信。最后,借鉴国际通用信用等级设置,确定了房地产开发企业的信用等级为3等5级。基于建立的评价体系,论文选取了3家实证研究企业,并以中华企业为例详细阐述。最后,总结了该指标体系的应用建议:1)认真做好评级机构的培训工作,把握指标体系的核心思想;2)与消协、信访、工商等部门保持良好的合作关系,方便核查;3)积极推动信用评价结果的应用,使之为企业带来切实利益。更多还原

【Abstract】 Credit is the cornerstone of economic and social development, and the construction of social credit system is an objective demand of improving China’s socialist market economic system. In 2007, the document namded A Number of Observations on Social Credit System Construction was issued by the state council, emphasizing that the construction of industrial credit is an important component of the social credibility system development. The real estate industry has played a very important role in improving people’s lives and promoting economic and social development. However, several serious credit crises have been exposed in the industry, and the credit construction of the industry is a matter of great urgency, which is of crucial importance to the improvement of the socialist market ecocomic system. Accordingly, the credit of real estate development enterprise is studied in the thesis. Based on an extensive survey and research, the credit index evaluation system of real estate development enterprise consisting of three components, namely the credit indicator development, the credit evaluation model, and the credit hierarchical system set was established. Then, a case study of the application of the credit index assessment system is presented.Firstly, the paper identifies that the credit index of a real estate enterprise is composed of three hierarchies, while the first hierarchy is consisting of objective credibility, the operational credibility, and the fulfillment of social responsibility. The paper uses Delphi method to identify the detailed credit indexes:3 primary indexes, 18 secondary indexes and 33 third level indexes. In the developed credit indexes, the qualification of real estate development enterises, and the processes and characteristics of real estate development are closely considered, moreover, the legality and the regularity of the real estate development phases and social responsibility are emphasized. Secondly, a credit index evaluation model of real estate development enterprise was constructed. The model is divided into two sequential levels: one-vote veto system and comprehensive evaluation system. The conducts of an enterprise should be examined firstly by the 12 special circumstances which were concluded in the model. If an enterprise’s conduct is consistent with one or more listed circumstances, the company is therefore determined to be the blacklist. If not, the enterprise should be appraised by the comprehensive evaluation system. In the second level, the original values of the indexes are transformed into non-dimentional values by scoring, the weights for indexes are produced by the method of paired comparision, and then an additive model is used to get an integrated evaluation value. Through theoretical studies and expert discussions, the paper identifies evaluation criterion for each index. The appraisal method combines scoring method with accumulated losing points, and allows collecting suggestions from any stakeholders, the evaluated results, accordingly, are ensure to be fail, equal and credible. Then, by comparing and analyzing general international credit rating systems, the paper identifies a real estate development company’s credit rating category which is composed of three grades and five sub-grades.Finally, three case studies of the application of the developed credit index evaluation system are presented, and the Zhonghua Company is taken as an example. Thus, several recommendations of the applications are proposed: 1) An effective training of the application of the constructed credit index evaluation system is pretty important, especially, the key appraisal criteria needs more attention; 2) To facilitate the verification of the enterprise’s conduct, it is crucial to keep good relationship with China Consumer’s Association, State Bureau for Letters and Calls, Commercial and Industrial Department etc., and 3) Actively promote the results of the credit index evaluation system, making tangible benefits for the enterprise.更多还原