【作者】 杨静；

【导师】 张显奎；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 机械设计及理论， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,操作者在工作环境中的应激已成为各国高度重视的一个社会问题,控制环境中的应激源强度是应对应激的主要方式之一。应激环境中有95%以上的信息是通过操作者的视觉和听觉感知的,本文在应激的四种理论模型基础上,提出能描述刺激强度与操作者应激程度间非线性关系的应激压力缸理论;并最终建立声音和色彩刺激下操作者应激程度的数学模型,对有效控制应激环境中的声音和色彩刺激有重要意义。首先,基于航天环境研究了应激环境中人-机-环境的信息交流过程,从而确定了应激源对操作者可靠性的影响方式;采用层次分析法搭建了基于环境应激源的应激评价体系,确定了环境应激源的种类及相互作用;通过以上分析提出了应激的压力缸理论,并建立该理论的数学模型。其次,采用等效模拟和主观感受模拟两种环境模拟技术,搭建了汽车虚拟驾驶和航天虚拟声音刺激实验台;选取心率、呼吸和表面肌电信号为应激的生理评价特征,研究了不同声音刺激强度对操作者应激程度的影响,确定了三种人格特质对应激程度的影响权重。再次,基于声音刺激实验的结果及已有色彩刺激数据,在声音和色彩实验的不同时刻点,分别确定了心率、呼吸频率和表面肌电绝对积分三项生理指标对应激的评价权重,并通过分类模型证明了三项应激评价指标能很好的用于识别操作者的应激程度。最后,采用多级模糊综合评判方法和改进的加权平均模型,确定了声音和色彩刺激下被试者应激程度的综合评价结果;最终建立了声音和色彩影响因子的水平与操作者应激程度之间的数学模型,对实际应激环境中声音和色彩刺激下操作者应激程度的进行评判。更多还原

【Abstract】 Stress of operator in workplace has become a social issue in recent years, which attaches the attentions of various countries, and controlling the intentions of stressors in environment is one of the most important coping strategies for stress. More than 95% of the information in stress environment is perceived by operators visual and auditory, this study proposed the cylinder pressure theoretical of stress based on the existing four stress theory models, which can describe the non-linear relationship between the stimulus intensity and the stress level of operator; the mathematic models of operators’stress that under sound and color stimulations are established respectively, they are very meaningful for controlling the intensities of sound and color in stress environment.Firstly, based on studying space environment, the information exchange process among human-machine-environment is discussed, then the way of stressors impact on the reliability of operator is determined; the stress evaluation system based on environment is built by using AHP, the types and interaction is studied; the cylinder pressure theoretical model of stress is proposed, and the mathematic model of the theory is established at last.Secondly, using both equivalent and subjective feeling simulation technology, the virtual driving test bench and space virtual sound stimulating test benches are built; taken heart rate, breathing and sEMG as the physiological evaluation features of stress, different sound stimulations influence on the level of operator stress are analyzed; the weights of the three personality traits influence on stress are determined.Thirdly, based on the results of auditory stimulation experiment and existing color stimulus data, the evaluation weights of heart rate, respiration and integral absolute value at different time points of sound and color experiments are determined. Furthermore, verified the three evaluation features can be well used to identify operator’s stress level by the analysis of classification models. Finally, through multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and improved weighted average model, the comprehensive evaluation results of subjects’stress level under sound and color stimulations are determined. The mathematic models used to explain the relationship between operator stress degree and the factors levels of sound and color are established, which can be used in actual stress environment to judge the operator stress level under sound and color stimulations.更多还原