【作者】 李莹；

【导师】 邵东向；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 机械制造及其自动化， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文对基于CCD和内窥镜的阀套内环槽轴向尺寸的检测问题做了深入的研究,并建立起针对阀套轴向尺寸的CCD图像检测系统。在查阅了内环槽轴向尺寸的相关检测技术的基础上,摒弃了机械接触式检测,提出了光学检测的新思路,本系统以万能工具显微镜为基础,建立了检测系统的实验装置;编制了图像处理软件;设计了光栅位移传感器的读数表;最后进行了实验并对实验结果进行分析。本检测系统以检测位移和半径为中心,分别建立了基于CCD图像处理的半径测量系统和基于光栅位移传感器的位移读数表。半径测量是图像处理软件的关键,在该部分首先对采集到的图像进行了分析及预处理,针对本系统图像的特点增加了剪裁、保存目标区域及局部区域像素输出等附加功能,另外对圆检测方法做了总体介绍,对圆检测较为经典的Hough算法做了两种改进;在读数表方面,增加了读取脉冲个数和测量相对距离的功能,提高了读数表的通用性;在前面工作的基础上进行了圆检测算法和拟合方法的选择,进行了实验设计,并对实验结果进行精度计算和对比分析,最后对实验过程中可能出现的误差做了分析。本系统对轴向尺寸的检测精度达到了10μm,重复性测量误差达到了0.138%,实验精度结果验证了光学检测的可行性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this thesis, the detection of inner ring groove axial dimension of valve housing is studied based on CCD and endoscope. CCD image sensing system specific to axial dimension of valve is also established. After consulting the relative detection technologies of inner ring groove axial dimension, the author gives up mechanical contact detection and brings up a new concept of optical detection. In this system, experimental facilities for detection is set up based on multi-microscope measure, with imaging processing software compiled and reading meter of grating linear displacement transducer designed. Finally the test is performed and there is also an analysis to the test result.Focusing on the detection of displacement and radius, radius measurement system basing on CCD imaging processing as well as reading meter of grating linear displacement transducer were set up separately. Radius measurement is the key of imaging processing software. In this part, analysis and preprocess on the images are finished at first and new functions are added which directed to images in the system, moreover. There will be a general introduction of circular detection method and improvement of Hough algorithm in this part,two new methods are proposed. The functions of reading numbers of impulses from grating bar and relative distance between two points are added in the displacement reading meter, which improves the adaptability of reading meter. At last, the suitable circle detection and fitting method are chose and the test was designed in two ways which based on the previous work. Tests are carried out successfully. According to the test result this thesis makes accuracy calculations and error analysis.The calculation of accuracy proved the accuracy of system reached to 10μm and repeated measurement error is 0.138%, the results verify the feasibility of the optical detection.更多还原