【作者】 王晓燕；

【导师】 宋新伟；

【作者基本信息】 新疆师范大学 ， 马克思主义民族理论与政策， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 民族区域自治是我国的一项基本政治制度。新中国成立60年来,民族区域自治的实施极大调动了少数民族和民族地区的主动性和积极性,发展了各民族平等、团结、互助、和谐的社会主义民族关系,促进了民族自治地方和全国社会主义建设事业的发展。但是,随着社会主义市场经济的发展,东西部地区发展差距不断扩大;大量的人口流动造成了不同民族成员之间矛盾和摩擦出现的机率。在法治社会发展的今天,法律成为保障公民权益、预防和解决纠纷的重要机制。因此,为了实现各民族“共同团结奋斗,共同繁荣发展”,在国家实施依法治国方略的背景下,民族区域自治需要不断走向法制化,依法保障自治权的充分行使,加快少数民族和民族地区的发展,为我国统一多民族国家的和谐、稳定发展做出贡献。因此,完善民族区域自治法制化研究无疑具有重要的理论和现实意义。论文的结构,除引言和结语外,包含三部分内容:第一部分阐述了民族区域自治法制化的概况。民族区域自治经历了由理论到实践的不断发展完善,由中国共产党解决民族问题的一项基本政策逐渐发展为国家的一项重要政治制度,再到一项基本的政治制度。并随着国家经济、政治、社会文化的发展变化,特别是社会主义市场经济的发展和依法治国的实施,在法制化的道路上不断走向完善。第二部分阐述了民族区域自治法制化现状及存在问题的原因。目前,在民族区域自治法律体系初步建立,民族区域自治法律法规内容不断完善的基础上,民族区域自治法制化依然存在诸多问题。法律体系方面,主要是相关配套法律法规缺失,其中最突出的是5大自治区自治条例尚未出台;法律实施方面,主要是自治权没有得到充分有效行使;法律法规内容方面,主要是《民族区域自治法》缺少“法律责任”条款、自治法规没有充分体现当地民族的“政治、经济、文化特点”。存在上述问题主要是因为中央与民族自治地方的事权划分不明确;民族自治地方立法体制不健全;民族自治地方的法制意识比较薄弱。第三部分阐述了完善民族区域自治法制化的对策。首先,完善《民族区域自治法》的内容,增加“法律责任”条款,保障自治机关依法行使自治权和上级国家机关依法履行职责。其次,完善实施《民族区域自治法》的行政法规、规章,使法定自治权的范围更加具体;通过明确立法权、立法范围和立法程序,完善民族自治地方立法体制,依法、及时地制定和修改适合民族自治地方发展需要的自治条例和单行条例。最后,在遵循国家法律法规原则的基础上,依法、充分行使自治权;并不断实现少数民族习惯法的现代化转型;建立和健全法律实施监督机制,逐步形成民族自治地方的法治运行模式。更多还原

【Abstract】 Regional National Autonomy has promoted the development of the ethnic minority and ethnic region, after the establishment of a nation, develops incorporation, mutual aid and harmonious socialism ethnic relations.But, with the development of socialism market economy, the thing department development margin in the region continuously extends;A great deal of population flowed to also result in different race member the antinomy and friction appear of probability. Today , the law becomes the important mechanism that guarantees a citizen’s rights, prevents and disolve dispute definitely.Therefore, with the background of governing a country by law ,regional national autonomy also needs legalize to guarantee automony. Meantime, to develop the ethnic minority and ethnic region, carry out each race common prosperity.Therefore, perfect autonomy legalization in the ethnic district research undoubtedly has important theories and realistic meaning.The first part elaborated the general situation of autonomy legalization in the ehnic district.Autonomy in the ethnic district experienced theories to practice, from our country’s a keynote policy of race problem solution gradually to a important political system, again arrive a basic political ystem.Along with the development of national economy, politics and social culture, especially the development of socialism market economy and govern the implementation of country by law, regional national autonomy gradually heads for perfect on the road of legalization .The second part elaborated the reason of legalization of regional national autonomy.Now legalization of regional national autonomy has establish regional national autonomy law system, in the foundation of contents continuously perfect, legalization of regional national autonomy present still existe some problems. Such as,the autonomy didn’t get to well and effectively exercise; The Regional National Autonomy Law wants for law responsibility item, autonomy laws hasn’t well embody the politics, economy, cultural characteristics of the local race etc. Exist the above-mentioned problems mainly because central haven’t explicit legal power with the lawmaking of national autonomy place;Law making system in the national autonomy place is disfunctional;The legal system of national autonomy place contains weaker consciousness.The third part elaborated the counterplan of perfect autonomy legalization in the ethnic district.Increase The Regional National Autonomy Law medium law responsibility item, guarantee an autonomy organization to exercise autonomy and upper grade national organization to implement a job by law.Perfect implementation The Regional National Autonomy Law of administration laws, regulation;Pass explicit legislative power, lawmaking scope and lawmaking procedure, perfect lawmaking system in the national autonomy place, establishment and modification is suitable for autonomy regulation and list that the national autonomy place develops a demand to go regulation by law and in time.Finally, following a national law principles, well exercise autonomy by law;Also continuously carry out the modernization transformation of national minority’s common law;Establishment and sound law carry out a direct mechanism and gradually form the rule of law of national autonomy place management way.更多还原