【作者】 刘强；

【导师】 彭晓春； 周丽璇；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 环境科学， 2011， 硕士

【副题名】以广东省东江流域为例

【摘要】 生态补偿作为有效解决当前生态环境问题的手段之一,一直以来受到政治决策者和广大学者的广泛关注与深入研究。依据我国现实国情,我国的生态补偿实践必然以政府补偿机制为主,市场补偿机制为辅,因此,生态补偿的财政政策是生态补偿实践顺利实施的关键。本文首先论述生态补偿财政政策研究的背景、研究目的与意义、研究内容和方法以及技术路线,同时对于国内外有关生态补偿的有关概念进行详细的分析,并详细介绍国内外有关生态补偿的研究现状,就国内外生态补偿研究的差别与差距以及我国生态补偿道路的选择进行探讨。同时,详细介绍了巴西、哥斯达黎加、美国和德国生态补偿的财政支出政策,分析其对我建立生态补偿财政政策的启示。此外,对于我国有关生态环境的税费政策现状进行了介绍,重点论述国家层面的退耕还林(还草)、生态公益林等项目的财政支出政策,及广东、浙江、福建等省市生态补偿财政支出政策,并就其中存在的问题进行分析。并且,对生态补偿的财政税费政策及财政支出政策进行了论述。最后,进行了基于广东省东江流域的生态补偿财政政策分别进行了战略意义和环境压力、东江流域不同民众的生态补偿WTA和分析和东江流域生态保护标准进行分析,并进行生态补偿财政政策框架的基本设计。研究结果发现,通过生态补偿这种新型的环境管理模式,可以调整相关利益主体的环境利益和经济利益的分配关系,实现对生态环境的保护和恢复,对我国社会经济可持续发展具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ecological compensation is one of effective methods to solve the present ecological environment problems, on which more attention has been paid by political decision makers and researchers. The government compensation is the primary ecological compensation, and the market compensation is subsidiary one., and ecological compensation fiscal policy must be an important part of the smooth implement of ecological compensation practice under realistic national conditions,. The fiscal policy of ecological compensation is the key to ensure the smooth implementation of ecological compensation. The ecological compensation fiscal policy research background, research purpose and meaning, content and method and technical route were discussed, the concepts of ecological compensation were analized, and the researchs of ecological compensation were introduced in detail. The differences of ecological compensation between China and other countries were compared. The way of ecological compensation in China was discussed. Additionally, the ecological compensation fiscal expenditure policies in Brazil, Costarica, American and German were introduced and their revelations were analyzed. Many countries’ ecological compensation tax practice were reviewed in this chapter. Introduced in detail the. Moreove, the relevant ecological environment tax policy in China were introduced, and the reforestation, ecological public welfare forest project financial expenditure policy, the ecological compensation of fiscal expenditure policy in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Fujian province were highlighted. Finally, based on Dongjiang river basin’s ecological compensation fiscal policy framework design, the strategic significance and the pressure on the environment, different people’s ecological compensation WTA and ecological protection standards were investigated respectively. The results showed that the distribution between the economic interests and environmental interests can be adjusted with environmental management of eco-compensation, and the eco-environmental projection and recovery can be implemented for sustainable development society.更多还原