【作者】 梅冰；

【导师】 曾竹青；

【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2011， 硕士

【摘要】 罗伯特·弗罗斯特是二十世纪美国最著名的诗人之一。由于他的诗歌多涉及田园风景及乡村事务,常被誉为自然诗人。随着生态批评的发展,弗罗斯特的作品越来越受到生态批评家们的重视。但是,在生态批评的观照下,大部分批评家单从人与自然的关系来讨论弗罗斯特的诗歌,而忽略了弗罗斯特生态意识的复杂性与丰富性。时至今日,地球的生态危机迫使人们必须重新审视人类社会发展及人的精神问题对自然生态的影响与作用。弗罗斯特的诗歌远远超越了传统意义上的田园诗,他以其直觉深刻地洞察了自然、社会和人的内在精神三者之间的内在联系及冲突。通过对弗罗斯特生态意识的探析,本论文试图更全面地阐述弗罗斯特对20世纪人们所面临的生态环境的深切关怀和思考。本文在文本细读的基础上,从生态批评的角度探讨了弗罗斯特在自然生态、社会生态与精神生态三个层面的生态意识,深入分析了弗罗斯特生态意识中所存在的矛盾性。全文分为三个部分。第一部分主要分析了弗罗斯特自然生态意识的矛盾性,探讨了弗罗斯特矛盾的自然观、对待自然的矛盾的态度以及人与自然的矛盾关系。第二部分主要分析了弗罗斯特社会生态意识的矛盾性,揭示了弗罗斯特对待现代工业社会矛盾的态度及人与社会的关系的矛盾性。第三部分主要分析了弗罗斯特的精神生态意识的矛盾性,探讨了人与人之间的矛盾的内在关系以及人类精神状况所呈现出来的矛盾性。本论文从生态批评的角度出发,围绕自然、社会、精神三个方面较完整地阐释了弗罗斯特生态意识。希望通过这种解读方式,能更深入地理解弗罗斯特的生态思想及其作品；也希望在生态危机日渐深入的今天,构建一个包括自然,社会,精神问题的多层次的生态批评思维方式和阅读方式,促使人们对生态问题进行更深层次的思考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Robert Frost has proved to be one of the most popular American poets of the twentieth century. The pastoral landscape and country things remained the focus of his poetry. Thus he is labeled as a "nature poet". With the evolvement of ecocriticism, Frost’s poetry is paid more and more attention by ecological critics. But, in the light of ecological critical methods, most ecological critics simply study the relationships between man and nature in his poems, ignoring the complexity and richness of Frost’s ecological consciousness. The current ecological crisis on the earth forces man to reevaluate the influences and effects of social development and human beings’ spiritual situations on natural ecology. Frost, far beyond the pastoral poets of traditional sense, probes through his sharp insight the internal relations and conflicts of nature, society and man. By analyzing Frost’s ecological consciousness, this thesis attempts to demonstrate Frost’s deep concerns and reflections on the ecological situations man has to face in the twentieth century.The present thesis is a study from the perspective of ecocritical reading. The thesis studies Frost’s ambivalent ecological consciousness from three aspects:the natural ecology, the social ecology and the spiritual ecology with the methodology of close reading. The thesis consists of three chapters. Chapter 1 mainly analyzes Frost’s ambivalence in natural ecology, looking into Frost’s dualistic views of nature, paradoxical attitudes towards nature and the contradictory relationship of man and nature. Chapter 2 mainly analyzes the ambivalence in Frost’s social ecological consciousness, presenting Frost’s dualistic views of industrial society and the contradictory relationship between man and society. Chapter 3 mainly analyzes the ambivalences in Frost’s spiritual ecological consciousness. This part probes the contradictory relationship between man and others and portrays Frost’s paradoxical consciousness relating to modern man’s spiritual states.From the perspective of ecocriticism, the thesis comparatively completely expounds Frost’s ecological consciousness from three aspects of nature, society and spirit. This thesis expects to gain a better view of Frost’s ecological ideas and a better understanding of Frost’s poetry through this mode of analysis, especially at a time when the ecological situation is getting worse and worse. This thesis also expects to help to construct a multidimensional ecological thinking and reading mode in the ecological-oriented literary and cultural studies.更多还原