【作者】 梁旭；

【导师】 周训芳；

【作者基本信息】 中南林业科技大学 ， 环境科学， 2007， 硕士

【副题名】以洞庭湖湿地为例

【摘要】 湿地是当今世界三大生态系统之一,被科学家誉为“地球之肾”,湿地保护的好坏,直接关系到人类的生存与发展。洞庭湖是我国第二大淡水湖,是中国乃至全球重要的湿地和候鸟保护区,在调节长江洪水径流、保护物种基因或生物多样性方面发挥着十分重要的作用。但是长期以来,由于对洞庭湖湿地保护认识不足,重视不够,法制不健全,管理体制不顺,以及对洞庭湖湿地过度开发等原因,造成洞庭湖湿地日益减少,生态环境日趋恶化,湿地原有的调节气候、改善水质、保护生物多样性等方面的特殊生态功能逐步被削弱,甚至部分丧失。通过立法来建立洞庭湖湿地的生态效益补偿机制,使湿地保护工作由点到面,从而解决洞庭湖开发与保护的问题。因此,本文分析了美国、巴西、英国和日本等国家在生态补偿的成功经验,总结了我国在湿地生态效益补偿方面立法上的不足,根据我国目前在湿地法律保护方面的具体情况,希望在湿地生态效益补偿的立法从点入手,先建立“一区一法”从而更有效的达到保护湿地的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 Wetland is one of the three ecological systems in the world, which is regarded as the kidney of the earth. So the protection of the wetland is the key to the survival and development of the human being. Dong-ting lake is the second biggest freshwater lake in China and it is also the important wetland and protection area of migratory birds in the world, so it plays an important role in regulating the flood path in Chang-jiang river, protecting the gene of the species and biological diversity. Owing to the lack of the awareness of the importance of protecting Dong-ting wetland, deficiency of legislation, disorder of the management, and the over-exploitation of the wetland, Dong-ting wetland is shrinking and ecological state is deteriorating, as a result, its function of regulating the season, improving the water quality, protecting the variety of the species is weakening and some of its functions are losing. In order to solve the problem of exploiting and developing Dong-ting lake, it is necessary to form the ecological compensation system in Dong-ting wetland through legislation. Hence, in this essay the successful experience of compensating the ecology in America, Brazil, Britain, and Japan is analyzed, the deficiency of legislation in protecting the wetland in China is summarized, from the ecological compensation legislation, a suggestion is made to set up "one law for one district" system to achieve the goal of protecting the wetland according to the current situation of legal protection in China.更多还原