【作者】 王群；

【导师】 李爱芬；

【作者基本信息】 暨南大学 ， 水生生物学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 雨生红球藻(Haematococcus pluvialis)是一种单细胞淡水绿藻,在红色细胞阶段能大量积累虾青素,是理想的虾青素来源。虾青素因具有很强的着色及抗氧化功能,在保健品、食品、化妆品及养殖业中广泛应用。在利用雨生红球藻商品化生产虾青素的过程中,筛选优良藻株,了解并掌握其生长生理特性至关重要。本论文以十株雨生红球藻为研究对象,比较其生物量和虾青素的含量,从中筛选出生物量和虾青素含量高的优良藻株,并进一步分析其生长及生理特性。实验结果如下：1.通过比较十株雨生红球藻的生物量和虾青素含量显示：雨生红球藻CG-06株性状优良,其生物量(2.61g/L)及虾青素含量(2.99 mg/g)均明显高于其它藻株,CG-04株生物量(1.98g/L)及虾青素含量(2.36 mg/g)都明显低于其它藻株。2.以CG-04株为参照,分析在正常培养周期内两株藻的生长及生理生化特性,结果表明：1)两株藻的色素主要包括叶绿素、叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素、角黄素、海胆酮和虾青素,CG-06株叶绿素a(5.23 mg/g)和虾青素的含量(2.56 mg/g)明显大于CG-04株(2.17mg/g和2.18 mg/g)；2)两株藻从培养的第7天开始检出虾青素,含量为0.104mg/g(CG-04)、0.122mg/g(CG-06),此时培养基中硝态氮含量分别是0.338 mg/L和0.169mg/L；3)在光合生理特性方面,CG-06株PSⅡ的最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)、光合速率、实际光能转化效率(Yield)和光化学淬灭(qP)均大于CG-04株,非光化学淬灭(NPQ)小于CG-04株,说明CG-06株PSⅡ反应中心活性、光系统电子传递效率及碳同化水平较高；4)CG-06株丙二醛(MDA)含量(0.81nmg/mL)比CG-04株(0.89nmg/mL)低；5)光学显微镜观察显示CG-06株有四分裂现象,CG-04株没有观察到。3.两株藻对高光和高盐的胁迫响应表现差异,CG-06株对环境胁迫的耐受性比CG-04强,其叶绿素a含量、Fv/Fm、光合速率的下降幅度(46.8%、40.4%、42.9%)均低于CG-04株(50.1%、45.9%、45.4%),而虾青素的含量明显(2.94mg/g)高于CG-04株(2.49mg/g)。两株藻的MDA含量不同,CG-04株(0.71nmg/mL)明显高于CG-06株(0.60nmg/mL)。更多还原

【Abstract】 Haematococcus pluvialis is a freshwater single cell green alga.The red cells of H. pluvialis can accumulate large amount of astaxanthin,which makes this species an ideal source for astaxanthin production. Astaxanthin is a strong colorant and it has powerful anti-oxidative ability. Therefore,it has a broad application in health products industry,food industry, cosmetic product industry and breeding industry.In the process of producting astaxanthin by H. pluvialis, the screening of excellent strains and clarifying its growth and physiological characteristics are important. In this paper, using ten strains of H. pluvialis as experimental materials,comparing the biomass and astaxanthin contents of them, selecting the excellent strain, which has higher level of biomass and astaxanthin contents.Further analyzing the growth and physiological characteristics of it. The main results as follows:1. Compared the biomass and astaxanthin contents often strains of H.pluvialis,the H. pluvialis CG-06 was selected as the excellent strain, the maximum biomass achieved 2.61 g/L and the astaxanthin content was 2.99mg/g, which were higher than other strains.On contrary, the maximum biomass (1.98 g/L) and the astaxanthin (2.36mg/g) of H. pluvialis CG-04 were lower than other strains obviously.2. H. pluvialis CG-04 was used as reference, the growth and physiological characteristics of two strains were investigated without stress.The results showed that:l) The pigment compositions included chlorophyll, lutein,β-carotene,astaxanthin,echinenone and canthaxanthin,the contents of chlorophylla (5.23 mg/g) and astaxanthin (2.56mg/g) of CG-06 were more than CG-04(2.17 mg/g and 2.18 mg/g);2) The astaxanthin were detected in two H. pluvialis cultures in the 7th day, the contents were 0.104mg/g and 0.122mg/g, and then the nitrogen concentrations had declined to 0.169 mg/L and 0.338 mg/L respectively.3)Compared the physiological characteristics between two stains, the photosynthetic rate, Fv/Fm, Yield and qP of two strains decreased while that the respiration rate and NPQ increased.However, the photosynthetic rate,Yield and qP of H. pluvialis CG-04 were lower than CG-06, the NPQ were higher than it.This significant difference in the physiological characteristics indicated that the activity of reaction center of PSⅡ,the efficiency of electron transfer of photosystems and the efficiency of carbon assimilation of H. pluvialis CG-06 were higher;4)The malondialdehyde(MDA) contents of CG-04 (0.89nmg/mL) was higher than CG-06 (0.81nmg/mL);5)Quqdripartition,which was the special pattern of cell proliferation was observed in CG-06 by optical microscope,but the same phenomenon was not found in CG-04.3. The responses of two strains to the stress of high salinity and high light intensity were different. H. pluvialis CG-06 had stronger stress-resistance than H. pluvialis CG-04. The decreased amplitude in chlorophyll contents, Fv/Fm and photosynthetic rate of (46.8%、40.4%、42.9%) were lower than them of CG-04(50.1%、45.9%、45.4%),while the astaxanthin contents of CG-06 (2.94mg/g)was higher than CG-04(2.49mg/g).There had differences in MDA contens, the MDA contents of CG-04 (0.71nmg/mL) was higher than CG-06 (0.60nmg/mL).更多还原