【作者】 王洪伟；

【导师】 高利；

【作者基本信息】 东北农业大学 ， 临床兽医学， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 奶牛乳腺炎是造成奶牛业经济损失最大的疾病之一,他不仅影响奶牛产奶量,同时也影响牛奶品质,危害人类健康。特别是奶牛隐性乳腺炎发病时乳汁无肉眼可见变化,奶牛机体也无任何临床症状,往往被人们忽视,贻误最佳诊断时机,造成更大的经济损失。因此如何对奶牛乳腺炎做出早期诊断已倍受人们的关注。国内目前奶牛乳腺炎主要通过测定乳中体细胞数(Somatic Cell Count,SCC)来进行诊断,但由于需要专业的操作人员,以及昂贵的费用等局限性影响了该方法在临床中的应用。因此,本试验通过研究不同程度乳腺炎乳中相关酶与蛋白的含量变化,探讨奶牛发生乳腺炎时,是否与乳腺炎发病程度存在一定联系,是否可为判定乳腺损伤提供重要理论依据。为日后寻找和筛选一种在乳腺炎早期实时诊断和普遍适用的方法奠定了良好的基础。本研究将哈尔滨某奶牛场奶牛经乳中体细胞数(Somatic Cell Count,SCC)法选取40头奶牛:将其分为C组(对照组SCC<50万个/ml)、Ⅰ组(轻度性隐性乳腺炎组50<SCC<150万个/ml)、Ⅱ组(重度性隐性乳腺炎组150<SCC<500万个/ml)、Ⅲ组(临床型乳腺炎组SCC>500万个/ml)。然后对乳中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAGase)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)采用比色法进行测定;乳中淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)、结合珠蛋白(HP)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)采用间接ELISA进行检测,并对乳中乳脂率、蛋白率、乳糖、总固体的含量进行比较分析。本研究结果发现:不同程度乳腺炎乳中ALP、ACP、LDH、NAGase、CAT、MPO的含量随着乳腺炎的严重程度的增加而呈上升趋势,均高于C组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。其中乳中LDH、NAGase的含量上升幅度最大:Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组乳中LDH的含量分别是C组的2.30、4.91、9.25倍;Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组乳中NAGase含量分别是C组的2.99、5.51、9.47倍。药物治疗后上述指标与用药前相比均有不同程度下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),并基本恢复到健康水平。不同程度乳腺炎乳中SAA、HP的含量随着乳腺炎的严重程度的增加而呈上升趋势,均高于C组(P<0.05或P<0.01),其中不同程度乳腺炎乳中HP含量Ⅰ组与C组无统计学差异。不同程度乳腺炎乳中CRP含量与C组无统计学差异;药物治疗后不同程度乳腺炎乳中SAA、HP含量与用药前相比均有不同程度下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),不同程度乳腺炎乳中CRP的含量与药前相比均无统计学差异。不同程度奶牛乳腺炎乳中乳脂、乳糖含量随着乳腺炎的严重程度的增加而呈下降趋势,均低于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);不同程度奶牛乳腺炎乳中蛋白率、总固体含量随着乳腺炎的严重程度的增加而呈上升趋势,均高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);药物治疗后不同程度奶牛乳腺炎上述指标与用药前相比均有不同程度下降(P>0.05或P<0.05),仅有乳糖含量恢复到了健康水平。本研究表明,不同程度奶牛乳腺炎乳中LDH、NAGase、SAA、乳中蛋白的含量可为奶牛乳腺损伤的判定提供重要依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dairy cow mastitis is the disease that caused one of the largest economic loss in dairy cow, it not only affect milk yield, but also affect milk quality, endanger human health. Especially Subclinical mastitis, it was no visible changes in the milk, clinical symptoms in cow body are often ignored and waste the best time to diagnosis, resulting in greater economic losses. Therefore, how to make the early diagnosis of mastitis in dairy cattle had become increased in many people. China now mainly through the determination of mastitis in dairy cattle milk somatic cell count (Somatic Cell Count, SCC) to conduct the diagnosis, but this method needed professional operators, and the impact of high costs limited this method in clinical application. Therefore, the changes of enzymes and protein content in different types of mastitis milk was studied in this experiment, in order to research whether there is a certain relationship between mastitis disease severity and changes of enzymes and protein content. And provided a important theoretical basis for breast injury. Screening and find a kind of real-time in the early diagnosis and generally applicable method in mastitis lay a good foundation.This research used scc method in a dairy farm in Harbin. 40 cows were randomly divided C group (control group SCC<500,000/ml),ⅠGroup (mild recessive mastitis group 50<SCC< 1,500,000/ml),ⅡGroup (mild recessive mastitis group 150<SCC<5,000,000/ml),ⅢGroup (clinical mastitis group SCC>5,000,000/ml). The alkalinity phosphatase (ALP), the acid phosphatase (ACP), the lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), the N- acetyl-β-D-amino grape glycosidase (NAGase), the catalase (CAT), the marrow peroxide enzyme (MPO) and in the breast starch type protein A(SAA), union globin (HP), C-response protein (CRP) were detected, and butterfat rate, the protein rate, the lactose, the total solid’s content were also comparatively analyzed.This research discovered:ALP, ACP, LDH, NAGase, CAT, the MPO content increases along with severity of mastitis, and significantly higher than C group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), but only LDH, NAGase content was increased significantly. LDH contents inⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲgroup were 2.30,4.91,9.25 times the C group respectively. NAGase contents inⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲgroup were 2.99,5.51,9.47 times the C group. Those parameters were increased after drug treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and recovered to the normal level.SAA and HP content in different types mastitis milk in different types mastitis increased along with severity of mastitis and significantly higher than C group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There was no significant difference between HP content inⅠgroup and C group in different types mastitis milk. There was no significant difference between CRP content and C group in different types mastitis milk. SAA and HP content in different types mastitis milk in different types mastitis decreased after drug administration (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and CRP content was no difference in this study.Butterfat, lactose content was decreased along with severity of mastitis, and these parameters were lower than the C group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), Protein percentage and solid content were increased along with severity of mastitis, and these parametes were higher than C control, And these parameters were decreased after administration (P>0.05 or P<0.05), and only lactose content returned to normal level.This study shows that LDH, NAGase, SAA contents can be determined for the cow mammary gland injury provides an important basis in different types mastitis milk in different types mastitis.更多还原