【作者】 王莹；

【导师】 郭明辉；

【作者基本信息】 东北林业大学 ， 木材科学与技术， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 本文以人工林大青杨为研究对象,较为全面的研究了气候因子对人工林大青杨木材解剖特征和物理特征的影响。首先对人工林大青杨木材解剖特征和物理特征的各项指标进行标准化处理,剔除遗传因素、培育措施和立地条件的影响,建立主要受气候因子影响的各项指标的标准化指数。然后采用相关函数分析的方法,研究降水量、相对湿度、日照百分率、平均气温、地面温度、最低地温、最高地温以及其他具生物学意义的气候指标对人工林大青杨木材解剖特征和物理特征的影响规律。最后采用响应函数的分析方法,探讨人工林大青杨木材解剖特征和物理特征对气候因子包括生长季气候因子的响应。为人工林大青杨的定向培育提出建议。通过研究气候因子对人工林大青杨木材解剖特征和物理特征的影响规律得出,降水量与早晚材纤维和早晚材导管有显著性相关；与晚材率和生长速率有显著性相关。相对湿度与早材纤维和早晚材导管,早材胞壁率和导管组织比量有显著性相关；与早材密度‘和晚材宽度,生长速率有显著性相关。日照百分率与早材纤维和早材导管,晚材胞壁率有显著性相关；与早材宽度,生长速率有显著性相关。平均气温与早晚材导管,纤维组织比量有显著性相关。地面温度与早晚材纤维和早晚材导管,晚材胞壁率有显著性相关；与晚材密度,生长速率有显著性相关。最低地温与晚材导管有显著性相关；与生长速率有显著性相关。最高地温与早晚材纤维和早材导管,导管组织比量有显著性相关；与早材密度,生长速率有显著性相关。温暖指数与晚材纤维和早晚材导管,纤维和导管组织比量有显著性相关；与晚材率和生长速率有显著性相关。年生物温度与早晚材导管,纤维和导管组织比量有显著性相关；与晚材率有显著性相关。有效温度与纤维组织比量有显著性相关；与生长速率有显著性相关。最暖月温度与晚材导管,纤维组织比量有显著性相关。通过分析人工林大青杨木材解剖特征和物理特征对气候因子的响应得出,气候因子对物理特征的影响大于对解剖特征的影响；对早材纤维的影响大于对晚材纤维的影响,对晚材导管的影响大于对早材导管的影响；对胞壁率、组织比量和早晚材密度没有显著影响；对早材宽度、晚材宽度和生长轮宽度以及晚材率的影响都很大,对生长速率的影响最大。气候因子对解剖特征影响的大小依次是：早材纤维长宽比,晚材导管宽度,早材纤维直径,晚材导管壁腔比,早材导管壁腔比和早材纤维宽度；对物理特征影响的大小依次是：生长速率、晚材宽度、早材宽度、生长轮宽度以及晚材率。通过探讨人工林大青杨木材解剖特征和物理特征对生长季气候因子的响应得出,解剖特征对生长季气候因子的响应小于物理特征对其的响应；早材纤维和导管对生长季气候因子的响应均小于晚材纤维和导管对其的响应；胞壁率、组织比量、早晚材密度和晚材率对生长季气候因子的响应均不显著；早材宽度、晚材宽度和生长轮宽度对生长季气候因子都有较大的响应,生长速率对其的响应最大。解剖特征对生长季气候因子的响应大小依次是：晚材纤维壁腔比和晚材纤维壁厚对生长晚期相对湿度的响应,晚材导管壁腔比和晚材导管长宽比对生长旺盛期降水量的响应。物理特征对生长季气候因子的响应大小依次是：生长速率对生长晚期最低地温、对生长休眠期最低地温和生长旺盛期最高地温的响应,晚材宽度、生长轮宽度和早材宽度对生长旺盛期地面温度、生长晚期降水量和生长旺盛期相对湿度的响应。本文的研究结果对指导人工林大青杨进行定向培育具有一定的科学价值和实际意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effect of climatic factors on anatomical characteristics and physical characteristics of the plantation ussuri poplar wood were investigated in this paper. First, the index of the anatomical characteristics and physical characteristics of the plantation ussuri poplar wood were standardized by rejected the influences of the genetic factors, cultivation measures and site conditions, then established standard index attached to the climatic factors. Second, the effect of the climatic factors on anatomical characteristics and physical characteristics of the plantation ussuri poplar wood were researched by correlation function analysis, the climatic factors included the precipitation, relative humidity, sunshine percentage, mean temperature, ground temperature, lowest ground temperature, highest ground temperature and other climatic factors with biological significance. Finally, the responses of anatomical characteristics and physical characteristics of plantation ussuri poplar wood to the climatic factors and the climatic factors of growth seasons were analyzed by function analysis. Put forward the proposal to the directed oriented cultivation of plantation ussuri poplar.By researching the effect of the climatic factors on anatomical characteristics and physical characteristics of the plantation ussuri poplar wood obtained some conclusions.Precipitation had the significant correlation to early wood and late wood fiber, early wood and late wood vessel, late wood percentage and growth rate. Relative humidity had the significant correlation to early wood fiber, early wood and late wood vessel, early wood cell wall percentage, vessel tissue proportion, early wood density, late wood width and growth rate. Sunshine percentage had the significant correlation to early wood fiber, early wood vessel, late wood cell wall percentage, early wood width and growth rate.Mean temperature had the significant correlation to early wood vessel, late wood vessel and fiber tissue proportion. Ground temperature had the significant correlation to early wood and late wood fiber, early wood and late wood vessel, late wood cell wall percentage, late wood density and growth rate. Lowest ground temperature had the significant correlation to late wood vessel and growth rate. Highest ground temperature had the significant correlation to early wood and late wood fiber, early wood vessel, vessel tissue proportion, early wood density and growth rate. Warmth index had the significant correlation to late wood fiber, early wood and late wood vessel, fiber and vessel tissue proportion, late wood percentage and growth rate. Temperature on biological had the significant correlation to early wood and late wood vessel, fiber tissue proportion, vessel tissue proportion and late wood percentage. Effective temperature had the significant correlation to fiber tissue proportion and growth rate. The warmest month temperature had the significant correlation to late wood vessel and fiber tissue proportion. By analyzing the responses of plantation ussuri poplar wood anatomical characteristics and physical characteristics to climatic factors obtained same inclusions. Climatic factors effected on physical characteristics greater than on the anatomical characteristics.Climatic factors effected on early wood fiber greater than on late wood fiber. Climatic factors effected on late wood vessel greater than on early wood vessel. Climatic factors had no significant effect on cell wall percentage, tissue proportion, early wood density and late wood density. Climatic factors had great effect on early wood width, late wood width, growth ring width and late wood percentage. Above all, climatic factors had the greatest effect on growth rate. The influence of the climatic factors on anatomical characteristics somewhat important in this order: early wood fiber length to width ratio, late wood vessel width, early wood fiber diameter, late wood vessel wall to lumen ratio, early wood vessel wall to lumen ratio and early wood fiber width. The influence of the climatic factors on physical characteristics somewhat important in this order:growth rate, late wood width, early wood width, growth ring width and late wood percentage.By studying on the responses of plantation ussuri poplar wood anatomical characteristics and physical characteristics to climatic factors of the growth seasons obtained same inclusions. The responses of anatomical characteristics to climatic factors of the growth seasons were less than the responses of the physical characteristics to climatic factors of the growth seasons; the responses of early wood fiber and vessel to the climatic factors of growth seasons were less than the responses of the late wood fiber and vessel to the climatic factors of growth seasons; the responses of the cell wall percentage, tissue proportion, early wood density, late wood density and late wood percentage to the climatic factors of growth seasons were not significant; the responses of the early wood width, late wood width and growth ring width to the climatic factors of growth seasons were significant and the response of the growth rate to the climatic factors of growth seasons was the greatest. The response of the anatomical characteristics to the climatic factors of growth seasons somewhat important in this order:the responses of late wood fiber wall to lumen ratio and late wood fiber wall thickness to relative humidity of growth late period, the responses of late wood vessel wall to lumen ratio and late wood vessel length to width ratio to precipitation of vigorous growth period. The response of the physical characteristics to the climatic factors of growth seasons somewhat important in this order:the responses of the growth rate to the lowest ground temperature of growth late period, the lowest ground temperature of growth dormant period and the highest ground temperature of vigorous growth period, the responses of late wood width, growth ring width and early wood width to the ground temperature of vigorous growth period, precipitation of growth late period and relative humidity of vigorous growth period.The results of this paper will provide a scientific basis and practical significance for oriented cultivation of plantation ussuri poplar.更多还原