节点文献
陕西省竞技武术套路发展问题及对策研究
【作者】 康杰；
【导师】 周勇；
【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 体育教育训练学， 2010， 硕士
【摘要】 武术是中华民族在长期生产劳动过程中创造并形成的一种土生土长的民族传统体育,是中国民族文化的瑰宝,是我国民族传统体育中的一颗璀璨明珠。它集防身、健身、修身、养性等多功能于一体,其历史源远流长,可以说武术与中华五千年文明相辅相成,有着血肉难分的渊源关系。陕西是中华武术发祥地之一,有着雄厚的群众基础。地方拳历史悠久,内容丰富,涉及面广。武术需要继承,更需要发展。因此对陕西省武术套路发展进行研究分析,对我国武术套路发展具有极其重要的理论与现实意义。本研究从陕西省竞技武术套路发展的现状入手,采用文献资料法、特尔菲(DELLPHI)法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,以陕西省武术队伍及训练工作的教练员、裁判员、运动员为研究对象,通过剖析现今我国竞技武术套路的技术水平、模式、以及培养体制的基础上,在纵向与横向两个方面对陕西省武术发展现状进行分析。纵向上分析陕西武术发展史,了解陕西武术发展的规律,从而借鉴并指导今后陕西竞技武术套路的发展方向；横向上从目前陕西省武术队伍的组成及来源状况、管理系统、教育体制、经济状况、科学训练情况、社会环境等多视角、多层次深入剖析影响陕西省武术套路发展的因素,并提出针对陕西省竞技武术套路发展的相应对策。调查结果表明,当前陕西省竞技武术套路水平在全国武术比赛中属于中等水平,且成绩不够稳定,各级武术教练员学历、职称普遍偏低,并且执教水平与经验有待提高；优秀运动员人数较少,并且年龄、技术水平结构不合理,缺少新一代优秀运动员,运动员文化学习薄弱,离队后出路问题令人担忧；管理系统不够完善以及运动员保障体系的不健全,奖励机制不完善；经济状况不理想,陕西省武术经费来源渠道单一,训练场地、设施、条件简陋,有待改善；各级武术教练员的科研能力较差,选材科学含量较低,训练方法、手段较单调；训练的质量难以保证,参加全国性比赛机会较少,省内比赛水平底,次数少；虽然拥有深厚的武术文化底蕴和广泛的群众武术基础,但是由于武术的社会化程度逐渐减弱,影响了竞技武术套路的发展。陕西省武术运动管理中心应逐步转变管理思路,提高管理效率,完善管理制度,在全面落实科学发展观的基础上,重视武术的和谐全面发展,制定适合陕西省竞技武术套路运动远景规划和可持续发展战略,从而促进陕西省竞技武术套路的迅速发展；调控社会资源,多渠道地筹集资金,加大市场化、产业化运作。加快场馆设施建设,多开展比赛,要开辟市场,以武养武；对优秀武术人才的流通应敞开大门,引进省外优秀武术教练员,加大理论研究力度,提高科研成效。要培养更多的武术硕士及博士研究生,运用竞争机制促进教练员整体综合素质及业务水平的提高；建立科学化训练体系,走“体、教结合”的道路；立足自己培养、科学选材、扩大选材范围、制定合理的管理与激励体制。本文旨在为制定陕西省竞技武术套路发展的决策部门提供科学的理论依据,以期能对更好的发展陕西省武术套路提供参考,进而为全国各省市武术套路运动的可持续发展提供一定的借鉴。
【Abstract】 Wushu is a native traditional sports of the Chinese people’s labor process to create long-term production and the formation. It is the gem of Chinese culture, traditional sports in our country a shining pearl. It combines self-defense, fitness, self-cultivation, the raising of other functions into one, its long history, can be said that five thousand years of civilization, the Chinese martial arts and complementary, with flesh and blood relationship is difficult to distinguish the origin. Shaanxi is one of the birthplaces of Chinese martial arts, has a strong mass base. Local boxing has a long history, rich in content, involving a wide range. Wushu needs to inherit, but need to develop. Therefore, the development of Shaanxi Province Wushu study and analyze, the development of Wushu in China is extremely important theoretical and practical significance.In this study, the Shaanxi Provincial Wushu status quo of development, using literature data, survey interviews, logical analysis and other research methods, Shanxi Province Wushu Team and the training of coaches, referees, athletes to study, by analyzing Today our Competitive skills, patterns, and training system, based on both the vertical and lateral development of Shaanxi province analysis of the status of Wushu. Longitudinal analysis of the history of Shaanxi martial arts, martial arts development to understand the law of development of Shaanxi, Shaanxi to learn and to guide future development direction of Martial Arts; horizontal force from the current composition of Shaanxi Province and the source of martial status, management system, education system, economic conditions scientific training and social environment and many other perspectives, multi-level in-depth analysis of the development of Wushu in Shaanxi Province factors, and proposed for the development of Shaanxi Province Wushu countermeasures.Survey results show that the current level of Shaanxi Province Wushu martial arts competition in the country of medium level, and the result is not stable enough, martial arts coaches at all levels of education, job title generally low level of experience and coaching needs to be improved; small number of elite athletes, and age, technical level Jiegou unreasonable, the lack of Xinyi Dai Youxiu athletes, athletes and cultural Xuexi weak, leaving the team after the way Wenti concern; management Jitongbugou perfect Yiji Athletes Security System is not complete, perfect incentive mechanisms; economic situation is not satisfactory, Shaanxi Province, a single martial arts funding sources, training venues, facilities, poor condition to be improved; Wushu coaches at all levels, poor research capability, selection of low scientific content, training methods, means more monotonous; difficult to ensure quality of training, participants fewer opportunities to national competition, the end of the province’s game, fewer; While martial arts have a profound cultural foundation and the basis of a broad mass martial arts, but martial arts community as the level gradually decreased, affecting the development of Wushu.Shaanxi Provincial Wushu Administration Centre should be a gradual change in management thinking, to improve management efficiency, improve the management system, in implementing the scientific concept of development based on the comprehensive development of great importance to the harmony of martial arts, Wushu in Shaanxi Province to develop suitable long-term planning and sustainable development movement strategies to promote Martial Arts in Shaanxi Province, the rapid development; control of social resources, and more channels to raise funds and increase market-oriented industrialization of operations. Speed up the construction of venues and facilities, engage in more games, to open up the market to support military force; for Elite flow of talent should open the door to the introduction of Foreign Elite coaches, increase the theoretical research, improve research results. To foster a more martial arts master and doctoral students, the use of competition to promote the comprehensive quality coaches and professional standard; the establishment of scientific training system, take the "sport and education combined," the road; based on their training, scientific selection, expansion range of materials, development of rational management and incentive system. This paper aims for the development of Shaanxi Province Wushu development decision-making sector scientific and theoretical basis, in order to can develop better Martial Arts in Shaanxi Province to provide useful reference in the various provinces and municipalities for the sustainable development of Wushu to provide a reference.