【作者】 张锐；

【导师】 许明月；

【作者基本信息】 重庆大学 ， 经济法， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 在现代社会,随着国家职能的转变,积极主动地为人民提供最大的服务与照顾已成为国家的重要任务。与此相适应,给付行政在整个行政活动中所占的比重也日益增大,而公共设施则是给付行政的重要客体物。那么研究和探讨公共设施的救济手段——公共设施公益诉讼无疑具有重大的理论及实践意义。除引言和结余之外,本文对公共设施公益诉讼的研究共分为七个部分:第一部分界定了公共设施公益诉讼的概念。这部分从比较各国和地区的公共设施相关概念入手,进而界定了公共设施公益诉讼的概念。即公共设施公益诉讼是特定的国家机关、组织和个人,对于违反法律法规侵害公共设施的行为,向法院提起的诉讼。第二部分介绍了公共设施公益诉讼的受案范围。这部分是根据公共设施的相关法律主体来划分公共设施公益诉讼的受案范围的,主要包括以下几个方面:行政主体作为公共设施的设置者、管理者、废止者侵害公共设施的案件,经营者侵害公共设施的案件,使用者侵害公共设施的案件。第三部分讨论了公共设施公益诉讼的原告资格。这部分首先从破除理论障碍出发,引入了诉的利益理论和信托理论,然后构建了以检察机关、行政机关为主,以公民个人、社会团体为辅的公共设施公益诉讼的原告体系。第四部分设置了公共设施公益诉讼的前置程序。这部分在制度设计上与前一部分的原告制度相呼应,旨在贯彻以检察机关、行政机关为主,以公民个人、社会团体为辅的原则。因此,本部分设置了诉前和审前的双重前置程序。诉前前置程序包括检察机关审查起诉及行政告知程序;审前前置程序则是审前听证程序。第五部分探讨了公共设施公益诉讼的调查取证制度。本部分论述了两种调查取证权:检察机关的调查取证权和法院的调查取证权,并在论述的过程中结合了我国目前的相关法律法规进行了例证。第六部分构建了公共设施公益诉讼的激约机制。公共设施公益诉讼虽然是一种较为先进的诉讼模式,但也有其自身的缺陷。一方面,诉讼复杂性可能会打击人们提起利用公益诉讼保护公共设施的积极性;另一方面,诉讼的民主性又容易引发滥诉,造成司法资源的浪费。因此,本部分针对这两方面的弊端分别设置了激励、约束机制,包括有利于原告的诉讼费用承担机制、奖励机制、律师胜诉取酬机制、严格立案审查机制、诉讼保证金机制、限制原告诉讼处分权机制等。第七部分研究了公共设施公益诉讼的裁判制度。这部分的意义在于:保障公共设施公益诉讼的裁判落到实处,真正地起到保护公共设施的作用。鉴于实践中存在的法院工作负担重、“执行难”等问题,本部分重点对裁判的效力和执行进行了制度设计。更多还原

【Abstract】 In modern society, along with changes in state functions, it has become an important task for a nation to provide maximum services and care for the people actively. Accordingly, the proportion of payment administration in administrative activities is growing gradually, and public facility is an important object of payment administration. Then ,it is undoubtfully of great theoretical and practical significance to study and explore public interest litigation of public facilities as a mean of protecting public facilities. In this paper, excluding the introduction and the conclusion, the study about public interest litigation of public facilities is divided into seven parts as follows:Part one defines public interest litigation of public facilities.This part starts from the comparison of the related concepts of public facility in other countries and areas, then defines public interest litigation of public facilities, which is the litigation proceeded to the court by specific organs, organizations and individuals for the action of violating public facilities.Part two describes the case range of pubulic interest litigation of public facilities. This part divides the case range according to the related legal subjects of public facility, which includes following several parts: administrative organs violate public facilities as the authority responsible for seting, mangaing and abolishing public facilities; operators violates public facilites; users violate public facilities.Part three discusses the plaintiff qualification of the public inerest litigation of public facilities. In this part, theories about interests of litigation and trust are introduced to break theoretical barriers, and then the plaintiff system of public inerest litigation of public facilities is constructed. In the plaintiff system, the prosecution and administrative organs are dominant, individuals and social groups are secondary.Part four sets up the pre-procedure of public inerest litigation of public facilities. The system designed in this part is adapt to the content of the third part. So, this part sets up double pre-procedures, one is the pre-procedure of pre-action, including Prosecution Review procedure and The Chief Informed procedure; the other one is the pre-procedure of pre-trial, which is also called Hearing procedure of pre-trial.Part five probes into the system of investigation and evidence collection. This part discusses two types of right of investigation and evidence collection: prosecution’s right and court’s right, the discussion is combined with laws of our country. Part six contructs the system of incentives and constraints. Authough, public interest litigation is an advanced litigation, which has own defect. On the one hand, the complexity of the litigation would hurt people’s enthusiasm ;on the other hand, the universality of the litigation would cause the misusage of the action which usually lead to the waste of the legal resource.Therefore, this part contructs mechanism respectively against two defects, including the commitment mechanism for legal costs which is favor of the plaintiff, the mechanism of incentives, the mechanism of action bond and so on.Part seven studies the system of judgments.the significance of this part is to guarantee the actual results of jugments. In reality, courts usually have a heavy burden, the enforcement of judgments offten meets difficulties, so, to contruct the system for the effect and the enforcement of judgments is the key point of this part.更多还原