【作者】 赵莉；

【导师】 刘德艳；

【作者基本信息】 上海交通大学 ， 公共管理， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 仲裁作为民间解决商事争议的一种重要法律制度,由于其具有诸多优点,在国外得到广泛运用。特别是到了20世纪50年代后,通过仲裁方式处理商事争议在国外获得快速发展。与此同时,随着全球经济一体化的加快,联合国于1958年通过了《承认和执行外国仲裁裁决的公约》,国际商事仲裁制度正日益完备,并趋于一体化趋势。我国原来的国内仲裁制度系仿照原苏联行政仲裁的模式建立的,现代意义上的民间仲裁制度则自1994年《中华人民共和国仲裁法》颁布实施之后才开始发展。由于我国现代仲裁制度起步晚,发展还不成熟,与国外仲裁机构在管理模式上存在较大差距。从全球来看,国外绝大多数仲裁机构都保持了民间性本质特征,政府基于仲裁机构独立性、非政府性、非营利性和社会公益性的定位,给予仲裁机构以较大的管理自主权,不进行行政干预或干涉,支持和鼓励仲裁机构走市场化、专业化道路。而我国仲裁机构的管理模式却与仲裁民间性本质特征背道而驰,名为民间,实则行政化倾向严重,这种行政化倾向既表现在对仲裁机构性质、定位的认知上,也表现在对仲裁机构的财务管理、人事管理和收费制度等诸多方面。这种行政化倾向严重影响和制约了仲裁机构发展事业的积极性,成为困扰我国仲裁事业长远发展的瓶颈问题,既不利于我国仲裁事业的健康持续发展,更不利于我国仲裁机构融入世界一体化进程。因此,笔者认为,有必要对我国仲裁机构的管理体制进行改革,使我国仲裁机构的管理模式逐步与世界接轨,朝着民间化方向发展,实现仲裁机构与政府脱钩,加大仲裁机构的管理自主权。更多还原

【Abstract】 As an important non-govermental legal system to resolve commercial disputes, arbitration is widely adopted in foreign countries for its various advantages. Since 1950s in particular, resolving commercial disputes through arbitration has developed more rapidly. Meanwhile, with the fast progress of globalization of world economy, the UN enacted Convention on the Recognition and Enforcement of Foreign Arbitral Awards in 1958, which indicates the completion and integration of the international commercial arbitration system.The national arbitration system of China was previously built after the model of USSR’s administrative arbitration. The non-governmental arbitration system in real modern sense was established and implemented since the enactment of Arbitration Law of the Peoples Republic of China in 1994. A large gap exists between modern arbitration system of foreign countries and that of ours in point of management model due to a late start and short time of development of the later. Globally, most arbitration agencies in foreign countries maintain the substantive characteristics of non-governmentalization. For the independent, non-governmental, non-profit making and social welfare virtues of arbitration agencies, the government gives them sufficient autonomy instead of administrative intervention or interference. Arbitration agencies are encouraged to develop in a market-oriented and professional way, provided with social funding and preferential treatments including tax policies. However, the management model of arbitration agency in China goes in the contrary direction to the non-governmentalization nature of arbitration. The tendency of administrativization in the name of non- governmentalization is reflected in not only the understanding of the nature and social position of arbitration, but also other aspects including financial management, HR management and charging system. The tendency of administrativization has seriously affected and restricted the initiatives of arbitration agencies in developing their business, thus becoming the bottleneck in its long term development. It not only negatively affects the healthy and sustainable development of our national arbitration cause, but also impedes the integration of our national arbitration agencies into the globalization process.Therefore, the author concludes that reform should be introduced in the manageria system of Chinese arbitration agencies in line with the international system. The non-governmentalization will help delink arbitration agencies with the government and promote their management independence.更多还原