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传统与现代之间——乔治·艾略特笔下的乡村
【作者】 黄琴；
【导师】 何云波；
【作者基本信息】 中南大学 ， 比较文学与世界文学， 2010， 硕士
【摘要】 乔治艾略特,英国女作家,直到四十岁才创作发表长篇小说,她的出身和她的创作年龄段让她的早期作品不可避免地与记忆中的乡村发生了千丝万缕的联系。儿时记忆中的英国的简朴恬静的田园生活始终鲜活的存在她的作品中,让她的作品充满眷念、怀旧、唯美之情。本论文分三个部分进行探讨：第一部分主要是艾略特的文学创作与乡村的渊源：艾略特的第一部长篇小说《亚当·比德》描写的就是一个关于英国中部乡村的故事。第二部长篇小说《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》更是以艾略特早年的家乡生活为蓝本。《织工马南》描述的也是一种古老的乡村生活。第二部分透视艾略特的这三部作品中的乡村景观和乡村生活描写并揭示乡村居民的生存状态。在艾略特的小说中,乡村景观和乡村生活极具传统美而又糅合些许现代的批判思考色彩。同时,艾略特通过文本中主人公以及周围乡村居民们生活再现了大工业革命背景下乡村生存这一严肃而又深刻的问题。第三部分分析三部作品中乡村叙事并揭示其背后的文化选择。对乡村的真实描述,不止蕴含了艾略特的情感倾向和思想困惑,同时也渗透了她对当时社会的态度,她用自己边缘的声音质疑了当时的社会秩序及其蕴含的意识形态。可以说,在乡村与城市、传统与现代之间,艾略特的文化选择具有内在的一致性：对传统、古典、民族文化的认同与追求。
【Abstract】 George Eliot, an English author, who didn’t write and deliver novels until her 40s. Her family background and her age make her early works different from others, which have widely been associated with the memory of the village. The memory of the easy rural life can always be found in her works, which brings her more emotional attachment to reminiscence and aestheticism.The thesis can be divided into three chapters:The first chapter introduces the original relationship between creative writing and the village. The first novel Adam Bede describes a story of the country. The second novel The Mill on the Floss, based on Eliot’s early home life. The third novel Silas Marner also talks about another old country life.The second chapter depicts the rural landscape, the countryside life and existential state of the residents referred in the above three novels, which harmonize the traditional aesthetic sensibility and modern critical color. At the same time, by representing the sites of their own life and the surrounding rural residents, Eliot put forth a serious and profound problem about survival in rural areas.The third chapter reflects the rural narration in Eliot’s three novels and elaborates the cultural selection behind the rural narration. True description of the village, not only implies the emotional tendencies and ideological confusions, but also infiltrates the attitudes toward the society at that time. With her own voice, Eliot shows doubts on the prevailing social order and the implied social ideology.Among the oppositions between country and city, tradition and modern, Eliot’s cultural selection retains its internal consistency:pursuit and confirmation of traditional, classical and national culture.