古代“礼法合流”对完善当代法制建设的启示

【作者】 陈健；

【导师】 袁兆春；

【作者基本信息】 曲阜师范大学 ， 马克思主义基本原理， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 中国古代的“礼法合流”是我国历史上一种非常独特的现象,其中“礼入于法”经过了一个非常漫长而又艰苦的过程,并最终形成了“礼法合流”“礼刑并用”的我国古代的统治者的独特的治理国家的方式这个基本的特征,造成我国古代的德刑不分,并将家族法也纳入了国家的法律体系,产生了古代行政兼理司法和重刑轻民的特点,至今还影响深远,我们要正确看待这个现象就必须深刻认识理解这个现象,并从中挖掘出更深刻的东西,为今天所用。首先要从过去入手,中国古代社会在治国方面、法制建设方面,是把法治和礼治融为一体、礼法结合、“引礼入法”,在处理两者关系时,是重礼轻法,从而导致在那个年代,法律维护的是专制统治,没有起到其维护正义和公正的目的。这是时代的局限性。得出这样的结论并不是否认“德”的作用,因为人类社会文明的发展离不开伦理道德,而是说前人没有处理好它们之间的关系。放眼当今,法律至上是法治的最基本的理念,依法治国中的法律是人民当家作主、进行自我统治和管理的有效手段,真正体现广大人民群众的共同意志,在人民的长远根本利益与目前利益、个人利益与集体利益、局部利益与整体利益之间作出恰当判断、衡量和协调,充分尊重、保障和促进人权,形成秩序、效率与实质社会公正的三位一体化。这与古代社会法是维护统治阶级的利益和等级特权是截然不同的。道德是精神文明建设的重要方面,以德治国就是用现代意义的道德价值观来引导人们的思想意识,从思想上建立人们守法、护法及执法的观念,为依法治国提供道德上的意识条件。近而把法治和德治结合起来,使其共同发挥治理国家的作用。借前人之鉴,今天在治国和法制建设方面,要做到不放弃伦理道德,摆正它和法律的位置。最后需要说明的是,本论文的研究过程中,运用了查阅资料、问卷调查、专家咨询等获取资料的方式,并运用法理学,法史学,史学,国学等相关理论详细阐述了中国国代“礼法合流”的社会背景,在此基础上进行分析研究并得出了结论,并对怎样完善我国当代的法制建设提出自己的一些建议。如：怎样处理法律和道德两者之间的关系,从而使它们在治理国家和稳定社会方面发挥其应有的功能,成为我们进行现代化法制建设的关键所在,只有正确处理法律和道德的关系才会有利于我们现代化法制建设。这就是本文最后的结论所在。更多还原

【Abstract】 Ancient China have a very unique phenomenon of" The unity of moral and legal "."The moral infiltrate into the law " After a very long and arduous process,In the end forming a "unity of moral and legal". It rulers of ancient China a unique way of governing the country.This feature, resulting in ancient China can not differentiate between morality and law.And family law also included the country’s legal system.It produced the ancient distinction between the executive and the judiciary. It can not attach importance to criminal contempt and the characteristics of the people.This feature has also deeply affected today.We want to correctly view with this phenomenon.We must deeply understand the understanding of this phenomenon.The most important thing is to find the useful things, and used for today.First of all, we must start from the past. Ancient Chinese society in the country and the legal system, rule of law and morality are two common methods that we used.In dealing with the relationship between morality and law,It is the heavy moral instead legal contempt.Result in that era, the law is to maintain authoritarian rule, were not fulfilling their purpose of justice and fairness.This is a time limitation.Come to the conclusion not to deny the "moral" role, because human civilization can not develop without ethics, but that their predecessors did not handle the relationship between them.Looking from today, the supremacy of law is the basic concept of rule of law.The law is the rule of law because people is the master, self-rule and an effective means of management.It reflects the common will of the masses.Long-term fundamental interests of the people with the current interests, individual interests and collective interests, local interests and to make appropriate judgments between the overall interests, measurement and coordination. We should fully respect, protect and promote human rights, the formation of order, efficiency and real social justice Trinity.This ancient law is to protect the interests of the ruling class and the level of privilege which is very different.Morality is an important aspect of spiritual civilization. Virtue is the modern meaning of moral values to guide people’s consciousness, from the ideological to establish law-abiding people, protect the law and the concept of law enforcement, rule of law to provide for the moral consciousness of the conditions.To combine the rule of law and virtue, to give full play to the role of governing the country.People to learn from the past, today the country and the legal system, in order to not give up ethics, straighten it and the legal position.The process of the present study, the use of the access to information, questionnaires, expert advice and other ways to obtain information, And I use the theory of law, legal history, history, Chinese culture and other related theories elaborated on behalf of the Chinese state. "The unity of moral and legal "The social background, in this based on the analysis and conclusions, and how to improve the legal system of contemporary China put forward its own proposals.Such as: how to deal with legal and moral relationship betweenthem.Enable them to govern the country and social stability in the play to its functions,The key is to modernize our legal system.Only by correctly handling the relationship between law and ethics will help us to modernize the legal system.This is the conclusion we will find.更多还原