苏州市老年人健康状况及养老模式研究

【作者】 徐晓明；

【导师】 徐勇；

【作者基本信息】 苏州大学 ， 公共卫生， 2010， 硕士

【摘要】 目的随着社会与经济的快速发展,城市人口老龄化的形势日益严峻,养老成为卫生学、护理学、社会学、经济学、伦理学、心理学等多种学科共同研究的重要课题,也是政府致力于解决的重要社会问题。目前,苏州60岁以上老年人数量已经突破110万,约占总人口的18%,已经迈入老龄化城市行列。深刻分析和把握老年人的身体和心理健康状况,构建富有特色的养老模式,对提高老年人生活质量、建设和谐苏州具有重要的理论和现实意义。对象与方法运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、观察法、数理统计法、逻辑分析法、个别访谈法等研究方法,从分析苏州市老年人日常生活能力、慢性病、心理健康状况以及养老意愿入手,较为客观地反映出苏州老年人的生存现状,找出目前苏州养老工作存在的主要问题,从而提出较为系统的可操作性建议。结果研究结果表明:高龄是影响老年人日常生活能力的主要因素,92.3%的苏州老年人生活基本能够自理;苏州老年人的慢性病总患病率约为90%,其中,患一种慢性病者占52.7%、患两种慢性病者占22.7%、患三种及以上慢性病者占14.5%;苏州老年人心理健康总体状况较好;苏州老年人愿意居家养老的占89.2%、愿意住养老院的占7.9%,愿意与子女生活在一起的占40.1%、愿意自己单独生活的占18.7%,每月能够承受800元以上养老费用的占91.5%。结论通过构建苏州特色养老模式——进一步完善和丰富社区服务内容,形成居家养老的社会化服务体系;进一步树立“老人是社会财富”的观念,充分发挥老年人的才智;加大对养老事业的投入和扶持力度,引进和开设各种类型的养老机构,满足老年人的不同需求;加强老年硬件设施建设;加强老年服务能力建设,进一步提高老年服务质量和水平;进一步加强空巢老年人社会支持网络体系建设;建立地方性的老年社会保障、福利和健康法规;加强老年研究,以科学方法指导城市养老服务工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: As the accelerated development of society and economy, population aging is becoming more and more severe in cities. Old age support is an important subject researched with the concerted efforts of hygienic, nursing, sociology, economics, ethnics and psychology and a significant society problem the government makes effort to tackle with. At present, with 1.2 million older than 60 which accounts for 20% of the total population, Suzhou has already edged in to the rank of aging population cities. It is theoretical and practical significance to analyze and understand the physical and mental state of the elder people and develop a specific mode of old age support in improving the lives of aging population and constructing Suzhou with more harmony.Subject and Method: The dissertation use the research method of documentary data, questionnaire survey, observation, statistics, logic analysis and individual interview and start with the analysis of the ability of daily life, chronic disease, mental state and the way of old age support to reflecting the situation of elder people, finding the main problems in elder people support, providing practical and systematic suggestions.Result: Age is a main factor determining the ability of daily life of elder people, about 92.3% can basically take care of themselves. The prevalence rate of chronic disease is about 90%, among which 53.7% carrying one chronic disease, 22.7% carrying two chronic diseases and 14.5% carrying over three chronic diseases. The mental state of elder people in Suzhou is considerately good, 89.2% of the elder people will to spend their remaining years at home, 7.9% will to stay in caring house, 40.1% will stay with their children and 18.7% will live alone,91.5% of the elder people can afford living expense more than 800 RMB per month.Conclusion: The assay suggests structuring the mode of old age support in Suzhou as follows: Form the home care social system of old age support with the way to improving and adding the content of community service further, establishing the idea that elder is the treasure of society and give a full play to their talent, intensifying the investment and support in old age support, bringing in and setting up various place of old age support institutions to meet their needs, improving the construction of elder facility and ability of service, improve the service quality level, intensifying the web system of support to spatial nest old people, setting up the local social security ,welfare and regulations of health, improving the research of the elder and guide the work of old age support with a scientific method.更多还原