【作者】 陈力；

【导师】 夏超英；

【作者基本信息】 天津大学 ， 控制理论与控制工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 永磁同步电机以其效率高、比功率大、结构简单、节能效果显著等优点在工业、农业、军事和民用等领域得到了广泛的应用。在高性能永磁同步电机调速驱动系统中,需要在转子轴上安装机械式传感器,以获得电动机的转子速度和位置。由于机械式传感器的诸多不足限制了调速传动系统的发展。因此,无机械式传感器的研究在高性能永磁同步电机控制领域和一些特殊场合具有十分重要的意义。无速度传感器控制方法分为两类,一类是适用于中速和高速的反电动势检测法;另一类是适用于零速或极低速的高频信号注入法。本文从工程实际角度出发,致力于永磁同步电机无速度传感器控制算法的研究与仿真,着重解决无速度传感器控制中电机低速运行存在的问题。文章首先讨论了永磁同步电机的数学模型和矢量控制原理,介绍了高频信号注入法的基本思想与分类。然后,深入研究了基于脉振高频电压注入法的永磁同步电机转子位置估计算法,详细阐述了转子位置信息的提取过程;在载波信号的恢复中,利用锁相环技术估计高频信号的相位延迟角,指出了控制系统实现的几个关键性问题。最后,为了验证理论分析的正确性与可行性,在?Matlab6.5/Simulink?平台上对内埋式永磁同步电机进行了基于脉振高频电压注入法的无速度传感器矢量控制系统的仿真研究,进行了系统静态、动态性能的测试。仿真结果表明,这种方法能够在全速范围内有效地检测出转子的位置和速度,并且系统结构简单,具有良好的稳态与动态性能。文章还讨论了影响高频信号注入法转子位置估计精度的各种因素,分析了注入高频电压频率和幅值的影响、非线性逆变器死区的影响及补偿等问题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The permanent magnet synchronous motor gets an extensive application in the industry, agriculture, military affairs and civilian for many advantages such as: high efficiency, big power–mass ratio, simple structure and economy energy etc. The rotor axis needs to install mechanical sensor in order to acquire the rotor position and speed of PMSM in the high performance speed control system. As there are many shortages for mechanical sensor, the development of speed control system is limited. Therefore, the study on the mechanically sensorless method has very important meaning in the high performance control field of PMSM and some special situations. Sensorless speed control methods divide into two types. One type, back EMF method, is applicable to medium and high speed condition another applies to standstill or very low speed condition, which is high frequency signal injection method.The paper, which sets out from the actual engineering, concentrates efforts on algorithm studying and simulation. It places emphasis on the solution to problems that exist in low speed of motor. Firstly, the article discusses the mathematical model and vector control principle of PMSM, introduces the basic principle and classification of high frequency signal injection method. Then, it studies deeply on the rotor position estimation algorithm of PMSM, based on the fluctuating high frequency signal injection strategy. The extracting process of the rotor position information is elaborated in detail. It is advanced for a new idea to estimate phase delay angle by using phase locked loop (PLL) technique in the process of carrier recovery. A few key points of control system implementation are pointed out.Finally, for verifying the correctness and feasibility of theory analysis, the simulation research on salient rotor PMSM is conducted at Matlab6.5/Simulink platform. The test of static and dynamic performance of system is carried out. The simulation results confirm that this method could detect effectively the rotor position and speed within the whole speed range. And the system, whose structure is simple, has good steady and dynamic performance. This paper also discusses various factors that influence the accuracy of the rotor position estimation in high frequency injection scheme. They are analysed what the frequency and amplitude of injected high frequency voltage and non–linear inverter dead–zone influence and compensation etc.更多还原