【作者】 潘周雄；

【导师】 杨正德； 何光中；

【作者基本信息】 贵州大学 ， 养殖， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 绿壳鸡蛋由于其蛋壳颜色特别、营养滋补,作为功能性食品开发应用,具有广阔的市场前景。本文结合长顺绿壳蛋鸡现状与产地的生产实际,从种质资源特性、生产性能潜力、配套饲养技术等方面进行了研究。长顺绿壳蛋鸡母鸡群体羽色以黄麻羽为主占47.33%,其次为黑羽、黑麻羽,各占28.95%和22.69%,少量白羽1.03%；胫色、喙色以黑色为主,分别占87.68%和79.32%。通过外貌特征分布及其遗传规律分析表明,该品种属于杂合基因群。因控制羽毛黑色程度的基因也同时控制皮肤和肌肉中的黑色程度,所以在羽色选育时建议从黄麻羽、黑羽两个主流方向进行。成年鸡体尺、体重、屠宰测定和雏鸡生长发育结果：长顺绿壳蛋鸡主要体尺与贵州其他鸡种相比,与矮脚鸡相近,但胸深高于矮脚鸡；公、母鸡体重分别为1.85kg、1.71kg,高于国内其他绿壳蛋鸡品种；公、母鸡半净膛屠宰率分别为79.85%、母鸡79.81%,母鸡仅低于矮脚鸡,高于贵州的其他地方鸡种；公鸡仅高于小香鸡,低于贵州其他地方鸡种；雏鸡3-5周龄生长速度高于地方鸡种崇仁麻鸡和贡川土鸡,5周龄料重比低于二者,表明该品种具有较好的肉用潜力。为长顺绿壳蛋鸡的开发利用方向提供了参考依据。鸡蛋品质测定分析结果：绿壳鸡蛋粗蛋白质、人体必需氨基酸、微量元素含量均高于同源白壳鸡蛋,表明鸡蛋品质受基因控制,为进一步选育提供了依据；同时表明绿壳鸡蛋的营养价值高于白壳鸡蛋,为该品种的开发利用提供了营养学参数。调查研究发现,长顺绿壳蛋鸡在传统散养条件下,产蛋率较低(10%-20%)。本研究采用改变日粮、调整营养,光照控制和醒抱处理等调控措施,使试验群长顺绿壳蛋鸡产蛋率达到39.86%,比传统养殖方式提高了20.93个百分点,表明长顺绿壳蛋鸡具有提高产蛋性能的潜力。为该品种的保护和开发利用提供了技术参数。更多还原

【Abstract】 Green shell egg is widely accepted as functional food in the market for its shell color and rich nutrients. The present study is focused on its breed resource, growth performance, and feed techniques based on the current situation of Changshun green-shell chicken.The result of apparent characteristic showed that the most feather color of Changshun green-shell chicken is Jute Feather (47.33), followed by black feather (28.95%) and black-ma feather (22.69%), with the least one white feather (1.03%). Black is the dominant color for shank color (87.68%) and beak (79.32%). Changshun green-shell chicken is suggested to be heterozygosis group indicated by its apparent characteristics and heritage rule.Changshun green-shell chick has a similar body size to short chicken breed in Guizhou but its Breast depth is higher than that of short-leg chicken breed. Adult rooster has 1.85kg body weight while 1.71kg for adult hen, which is higher than other green-shell chick breed. Adult rooster has 79.85% Percentage of half-eviscerated yield while 79.81% for adult hen. The Percentage of half-eviscerated yield of adult hen is higher than other chicken breed but not short-leg chick. Growth performance of Changshun green-shell chicken during 3 to 5 weeks is higher than Chongren chick and Gongchuan chick. The above-mentioned results showed that Changshun green-shell chicken has a good potential for the usage of meat-orientation.The egg quality results indicated that compared with white-shell chicken from the same Changshun green-shell chicken family, green-shell chicken has more concentrations of protein, essential amino acid, trace elements. It is suggested that gene difference is the source of egg quality.Changshun green-shell chicken has 10-20% laying rate fed by common methods. However, its laying rate is increased to be 39.86% when it is fed in intensive feeding by dietary modulation. This result shows that Changshun green shell chicken family has a potential for the increase of laying rate.更多还原