【作者】 王庆利；

【导师】 邢军；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 采矿工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 微震监测技术是近几年来发展起来的一项高新技术,利用声发射学、地震学和地球物理学原理以及计算机强大的功能来实现微震事件的精确定位和级别大小的确定。该技术可以长期连续不间断的进行监测和数据分析,具有远距离、动态、实时的特点。该系统的运行进一步推进了淮南矿业集团新庄孜矿煤与瓦斯突出机理与预报方法关键技术研究,同时这也是一项创新,这是国内首例将微震监测系统成功的运用到高瓦斯煤矿。淮南矿业集团也成为我国第一个具有瓦斯突出危险性实时监测、分析、预警机制的矿山生产安全技术示范区。淮南矿区开采历史悠久、煤层地质条件复杂,近年来在采煤方法、瓦斯综合治理、煤巷锚杆化支护、矿井高产高效等方面已取得了重大成就。尽管在瓦斯灾害防控方面开展了大量卓有成效的工作,但由于煤矿瓦斯灾害发生机理的复杂性,监测手段的不连续性,煤与瓦斯突出仍然给矿山生产带来很多困难。目前,微震监测系统已经在新庄孜矿正式启动,并且可以24小时不间断的对数据进行采集处理,它克服了过去传统方法的缺点—劳动强度大、所需人员多、预测准确率较低,操作复杂,关键是不能实现实时监控,往往一些事故就发生在非预测期间。该系统使用加拿大ESG公司生产的矿山微震监测系统(30通道)及大连力软科技有限公司开发的矿山微震监测分析软件。针对新庄孜煤矿高应力区、煤与瓦斯突出危险区的围岩破裂进行监测、定位及实时分析;在此基础上,借助大规模科学计算,对监测信息进行分析、处理,建立一套适合于淮南矿区的既有理论依据,又易于操作的矿井煤与瓦斯突出预报分析系统,为实现矿山动力灾害中、长期预报奠定基础。由于系统刚刚建立,并且现在开采煤层为低瓦斯煤层,微震事件不是很多,但是通过对微震监测所得到的数据进行分析,发现对于采矿活动所引起的煤岩震动,微震监测系统能实时捕捉其定位信息,这为地压活动的监测以及突出灾害发生的预测和下一步高瓦斯煤层开采监测提供了丰富的经验。更多还原

【Abstract】 Microseismic monitoring technique has developed to a high technology in recent years. Precise location of microseism incident and the level determination is realized by sound ballistics, seismology and geophysics theory and computer. The technique can monitor and analysis data discontinuously for a long time, which is characteristics of long distance, dynamic and real-time. It pushes more study on mechanism of coal and gas outburst and the key technique of forecast means about the mine of Xinzhuangzi in Huainan mining group, at the same time, it is an innovation and the first practical in our country applying microseismic monitoring system to high gas coal mine. Huainan mining group will be the first mine production safety technology demonstration area which has gas outburst risk real-time monitor, analysis and early warning mechanism.The mine of Huainan has a long exploitation history and complex geological condition. It has obtained important achievement in mining methods, gas synthesize management, coal lane protect with anchor pole and high yield and efficiency in recent years. Although a great deal highly effective works have been done in gas disaster defenses, there are a great many difficulties for mine produce, which is brought by coal and gas outburst, because of the complex mechanism of gas disaster and discontinuous monitor means.Presently, microseismic monitoring system has been started up in Xinzhuangzi mine. It can analysis data for 24 hours discontinuously. It is advanced than traditional method, which is of great labor intensity, low forecast accuracy and complex operation. especially for it cannot realize real-time monitor, and some accident happened in the period which cannot be forecast. The system adopts mine microseismic monitoring system(30channels) produced by Canada ESG company and mine microseismic monitoring analysis software produced by Dalian mechsoft company. On the base of monitoring, localization and real-time analysis of wall rock rupture in the risk area that is under high stress and serious coal and gas outburst, with the help of large scale scientific computing, a kind of analysis and prediction system was established in Huainan mining group which not only has theoretical basis but also is a simple and convenient operation. This system provides a method of long-term forecast of mining dynamical disaster.Since the system has been established, because of the coal layer contains low gas, so there was only a little of microseismic has been received. But we can analysis the date and found the information that caused by mining and other activitys, throught those information we can catch the usefulness information for orientation. Those information can give us abundantly experience to the forecast of pressure, coal and gas outburst and mining of the next high-gas coal layer.更多还原