【作者】 刘辉；

【导师】 张恩慧；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 蔬菜学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 试验以9个耐裂球性不同的春甘蓝品种为材料,在叶球成熟后分别延迟5d、10d和15d采收,对春甘蓝不同球型和延迟采收天数引起的裂球性进行调查,研究分析了不同球型和延迟采收对春甘蓝裂球性的影响,以春甘蓝品种“秦甘60”为材料,在栽培过程中设置不同灌水次数、追肥量和定植密度处理,在叶球生理成熟后延长采收时间,统计叶球的裂球率和裂球指数,确定了3个栽培因子对叶球裂球性的影响程度。研究得出以下结果:1.春甘蓝叶球生理成熟后以晚收10d可作为品种耐裂球性鉴定的最适宜时期,并依据裂球指数可划分品种耐裂球性强弱的4个不同标准。2.春甘蓝叶球类型与耐裂球性存在一定的关系,扁球型的耐裂球性强于圆球型。3.叶球在同一采收延长时间内,叶球的裂球率和裂球指数随灌水次数的增加而增加。春季栽培“秦甘60”品种时灌水间隔10d或12d一次,可有效地减少或防止叶球的破裂。4.叶球在同一采收延长时间内,叶球的裂球率和裂球指数随着追肥量的增加而增加。“秦甘60”品种的关键需肥期每次追肥(尿素)225kg/hm~2是减少或防止叶球裂球较适宜的施肥量。5.春季“秦甘60”品种栽培定植密度越小,越容易引起叶球裂球,其中随着叶球采收天数的延长引起叶球裂球程度越大。“秦甘60”品种春季定植的适宜密度为60000株/ hm~2,能有效地减少或防止叶球裂球。更多还原

【Abstract】 We experimented with 9 cracking-resistant the ball of different varieties of spring cabbage as materials, the periods of ball harvest were delayed 5d, 10d and 15d after mature, and we also invested the split caused by different bulboid types and different delayed harvesting days of spring cabbage in the field, studied on cracking of different bulboid types and delayed harvest impacting on the spring cabbage leafy head. We used the spring cabbage variety of "Qingan 60" as the material at the same time. We seted the treatment of different irrigation frequency , amount of fertilizer,colonization density during the time of cultivation, extended the harvest time after physiological maturity of the leafy ball, couned blastomere rate and blastomere index, determined the influence of three cultural factors on the cracking leafy head. The results showed as follows:1. The most appropriate identification period of the crack-resistant ball varieties was the time after the spring cabbage leafy ball physiological maturity 10d, divided four different standards of cabbage groups by cracking-resistant performance on the basis of blastomere index.2. There is a certain relationship between the type of the ball and resistance cracking leafy head, the flat bulboid type is much better than round bulboid type on the resistance cracking leafy head performance.3. During the same period of the ball delayed harvest , both of the blastomere rate and blastomere index of each treatments increased with the frequency of irrigation increasing. "Qin Gan 60" Cabbage variety irrigated once every 10d or 12d for spring planting , could reduce cracking of leafy head effectively.4. During the same period of the ball delayed harvest , both of the blastomere rate and blastomere index of each treatments was increased with the increasing of the fertilizing quantity. It is more suitable for each top dressing fertilizer (urea) 225kg/hm~2 to reduce leafy head cracking at the critical period.5. The smaller colonization density of planting Spring"Qin Gan 60", the more easier lead to ball leaves cracking, which the ball with prolonging the number of days to extend the harvesting and reducing the cultivation density caused largening the degree of leaf sizeofthe ball.So,colonization density of 4000 /hm~2 is to reduce or prevent cracking the leafy head more ideal for cultivation management measures can reduce or prevent cracking the Leafy head effectively.更多还原