【作者】 陈丽；

【导师】 朱瑞祥；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 农业电气化与自动化， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着交通行业技术的发展,以及汽车保有量的增加,汽车给人类带来舒适和便捷的同时,也给人类带来了交通事故频发等交通安全隐患,如酒后驾驶、无照驾驶、违规驾驶等,严重威胁着人类生命和财产安全。随着我国公路运输业的发展,同其他国家相比,我国的道路交通安全形式更为严峻,特别是由酒后驾车导致的交通事故发生率比较高。因此,从主动安全角度出发,禁止酒后驾驶人员启动汽车引擎,成为在车辆发生事故之前排除隐患的重要研究课题。本文在研究国内外防止酒后驾驶技术的基础上,针对酒后驾车导致交通事故频发的事实,设计一种基于PIC单片机的智能防酒后驾驶控制系统。系统先检测司机呼出气体酒精浓度,显示检测结果,并据此执行相应的控制。本次设计主要完成以下几个方面的工作:(1)根据该系统的实际目的和系统装置所使用的特定环境,选择燃料电池型酒精传感器作为检测驾驶员呼出气体酒精含量的工具;(2)采用合适的仪表放大器、PIC单片机、液晶显示模块、语音报警模块、继电器驱动模块设计硬件系统;(3)在MPLAB-IDE集成开发环境中,在PICC编译器基础上编写完成系统的软件设计,主要包括酒精传感器模拟输出电压线性化处理、语音报警、继电器驱动等部分;(4)整合调试软硬件,并调试检验。实验表明:酒精传感器模拟信号输出经A/D转换为数字信号被PIC单片机采集,据传感器输出电压与酒精浓度的对应关系式,系统软件能精确地将该电压信号换算成酒精浓度值,并将该值与电压值由LCD显示。酒精浓度超标时,语音报警模块启动并发出警告,主控制器控制继电器切断启动机电源,同时红色指示灯亮,实现了本研究的设计目标和要求。基于PIC单片机的智能酒后驾驶闭锁系统工作性能稳定可靠,为交通安全提供了主动性防护保障,具有一定的实用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of transport industry and the increasing of cars, vehicle brings not only comfort and convenience for humanity, but also high frequency of traffic accidents and other safety problems, such as drunk driving, which seriously threaten to human life and property. With the development of China’s road transport industry, compared with other countries, China’s road security is more serious, particularly the incidence of traffic accidents caused by drunk driving is relatively so high. Therefore, to prohibit actively drunk-drivers from starting engine become necessary before the event of vehicle accident.Based on preventing drink-driving technologies from home and abroad and PIC microprocessor control unit, this paper designs an anti-drunk-driving system to prevent traffic accidents from occurring to the greatest extent. The system tests alcohol concentration in drivers’exhaled gas and displays the value. According to the result, the system adopts different control. The main content of this thesis is as following:(1) Select the fuel cell-type alcohol sensor testing the alcohol concentration in driver’s breath according to system device’s actual purpose and specific environment the system used in.(2) Design the hardware systems, including appropriate instrumentation amplifier、PIC single-chip、LCD display module、voice alarm module and relay driver module. Complete the software system under the MPLAB-IDE based on PICC compiler, including linear processing of analog voltage output of alcohol sensor, voice alarm, and relay controlling.(3) Integrate the software into the hardware that has been designed and actual test its performance.The experimental test demonstrates that alcohol sensor’s analog signal is converted to digital signal stored in PIC register through A/D converting module. The system process the fuel cell-type alcohol sensor signal precisely based on the corresponding relationship between sensor output voltage and alcohol concentration, which are then displayed on LCD monitor. When the alcohol concentration exceeds, voice alarm module warns driver, the red light threatens corresponds to the relay, at the same time, and the host controller controls relay shutting down the vehicle engine power to avoid drunk driving actively, realizing this study objectives and requirements. Overall, the intelligent latch-up anti-drink driving system work excellently, can satisfy the security demands and the requests of this research.更多还原