【作者】 陈勇；

【导师】 张增强； 黄泽春；

【作者基本信息】 西北农林科技大学 ， 环境工程， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 危险废物已是全球环境保护的重点和难点问题之一,我国是一个发展中国家,也是一个危险废物产生大国。安全填埋技术作为危险废物的最终处理处置方法,也是环境风险比较高的技术。填埋场的不均匀沉降不论在填埋场建设、运营或是重新开发利用期间对周边的环境都存在重大的威胁。本论文在研究和分析地球物理探测方法的基础上,研究了危险废物填埋场堆体和地基不均匀沉降监测技术。首先,以磁法和探地雷达探测技术为基础,进行危险废物填埋场堆体不均匀沉降探测技术的试验研究。在磁法探测技术的研究中,通过建立磁法不均匀沉降探测技术数学模型,分析了磁性标识体、埋深等因素的变化规律;经过填埋场现场的磁场背景值探测,得到填埋场的磁场背景值为-100~100nT,对比于理论模型的结果,不影响磁法探测技术对磁性标识体的探测;通过对磁法模拟试验结果进行分析,得到磁性标识体在2m埋深范围内,标识体的水平和垂直位置的探测误差分别≤0.02m和≤0.09m,在验证了数学模型正确性的同时,论证了磁法危险废物填埋场不均匀沉降探测技术的可行性。在探地雷达探测技术的研究中,通过室内模拟试验,得到了各个影响因素的变化规律。在3m埋深内,铁质标识体的水平和垂直位置探测误差≤0.36cm,论证了探地雷达危险废物填埋场不均匀沉降探测技术的可行性。其次,选定高密度电阻率探测技术作为基础,展开危险废物填埋场地基不均匀沉降探测技术的研究。通过室内模拟试验,筛选出了有效的偶极-偶极电极排列方式,获得了高阻标识体不同放置方式时探测结果的变化规律;经过对北京市某平原型填埋场地基的现场探测试验和模拟试验数据分析,论证了高密度电阻率危险废物填埋场地基不均匀沉降探测技术的可行性。最后,结合试验结果,设计出适合三种不均匀沉降方法的标识体;依据杭州市危险废物填埋场的结构,给出了该填埋场不均匀沉降探测标识体埋设方法和验证技术方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hazardous waste has become one of the key and serious problems in global environmental protection. As a big developing country, China produces large amount of hazardous waste every year. Safe landfill disposition technology is a finally treatment and disposal method, and is also a high environmental risk technology. The unequal settlement of landfill caused serious threat to the surrounding environment whether in landfill construction and operation or during the re-development and utilization of the landfill site. On the basis of research and analysis of the geophysical exploration methods, this paper studied the unequal settlement monitoring technology of the hazardous waste landfill.Firstly, magnetic method and ground penetrating radar were selected as the basis to researching on the uneven settlement monitoring technology of hazardous waste landfill body.In the research of magnetic exploration, the change law of the influence factors, such as magnetic target and buried depth, have been analyzed through setting up mathematical model of magnetic unequal settlement monitoring technology; the background magnetic field value of the landfill was monitored, the test results showed that the background magnetic field value was from-100 to 100nT, which did not affect to use the magnetic exploration technology to detect the magnetic target compared with the results of theoretical models. The magnetic method simulation test results demonstrate that marking’s protection error was≤0.02m at the horizontal position and was≤0.02m at the vertical position when the magnetic target was in the range of 2m buried depth, the mathematical theory model has been verified, the feasibility of magnetic unequal settlement monitoring technology of the hazardous waste landfill was demonstrated as well.In the research of the ground penetrating radar detection technology, the change laws of the influence factors were obtained through indoor simulation experiment. The ferruginous target’s detection error was≤0.36cm at the horizontal and veritical position in the range of 3m buried depth, the feasibility of the ground penetrating radar detection technology unequal settlement monitoring technology of the hazardous waste landfill was demonstrated.Secondly, electrical resistivity detection technology was selected as the basis to researching on the unequal settlement monitoring technology of hazardous waste landfill foundation. An effective arrangement mode of the dipole-dipole electrode was selected out, the change laws of the detection result were obtained when the electrical resistivity target in different way of placement through indoor simulation experiment as well. The feasibility of the electrical resistivity detection technology to be a foundation for unequal settlement monitoring technology was demonstrated through the data analysis of field detection experiment at a plain type landfill and indoor simulation experiment.Finally, targets suitable for three kinds of uneven settlement monitoring technology were designed. General burying plan of the targets and verification technology program have been given based on the structure of the hazardous waste landfill in Hangzhou.更多还原