【作者】 李志；

【导师】 王谦；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 微生物学， 2007， 硕士

【摘要】 真菌多糖是从真菌子实体、菌丝体、发酵液中分离出的活性多糖物质,是一类重要的保健食品功能因子。复合多糖的作用并非是单味多糖成分的简单相加,各成分间存在着相辅相成、相互为用的关系。本实验确定了灵芝的最佳浸提方法为加压浸提法,提取条件为：料水比1：20,浸提次数为4次,压力0.1Mpa,浸提时间1h,多糖提取率可达到95.18%。确定了香菇柄的最佳浸提方法为加压浸提法,提取条件为：料水比1：20,浸提次数为2次,压力0.1Mpa,浸提时间1h,香菇多糖提取率约可达93%。对灵芝和香菇不同添加量在发酵过程中pH、生物量、溶氧量、还原糖浓度和多糖浓度进行了测定,确定了灵芝和香菇最佳添加方式为直投式,最佳添加量为6%。确定了真菌多糖复合制剂发酵液多糖提取最佳方法为加压提取法,提取条件为菌丝破壁处理3min,浸提压力0.1Mpa,浸提时间2.5h,自然pH,加水量为1倍,浸提1次。真菌多糖复合制剂的矫味实验中以大枣、甘草和糖浆进行配伍。确定真菌复合多糖发酵液为70%,大枣、糖浆和甘草添加量共占30%,剂型Ⅰ三者添加体积比为10：15：2；剂型Ⅱ三者添加体积比为5：15：2。根据以上结论,确定了真菌多糖复合制剂的生产工艺流程。并根据稳定性老化实验,确定稳定剂选用复合稳定剂Ⅲ为宜,用量为0.2%。灭菌条件选择巴氏消毒灭菌法(71.6℃,15分钟)。获得的两种剂型真菌多糖复合制剂多糖含量均≥6%,可溶性固形物含量均≥10%。将受试物以相同的多糖添加量加入果蝇培养基中饲喂果蝇,五种受试物分别将果蝇的平均寿命延长了2.4%,5.3%,11.6%,24.4%和39.2%,发酵法制备的真菌多糖复合制剂表现出更好的抗衰老功能。发酵法制备的真菌多糖复合制剂5g/kg·d、10g/kg·d的剂量能使小鼠肝MDA水平明显降低,且表现为随剂量的增加而增强,因此真菌多糖复合制剂具有一定的抗脂质过氧化的作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The fungus polysaccharides, a kind of important functional factor of health-care food, is an activity amylose separated from the Fungus entity, the hypha and ferment liquid. The effect of compound polysaccharide is not a simple summation of all components of polysaccharide. There exists a relation in which these components complement and reinforce each other.The experiment has ascertained the best method of extracting Ganoderma spp.-the extract method of adding pressure, and the extracting conditions are:the ratio between material and water is 1 to 20, the degree of extracting is 4, the pressure is 0.1 Mpa, time for extracting is 1 hour, and the rate of extraction is 95.18%. The experiment has also ascertained the best method of extracting the Lentinula edodes amylose is the same with the former, and the extracting conditions are:the ratio between material and water is 1 to 20, the degree of extracting is 2, the pressure is 0.1 Mpa, time for extracting is 1 hour, and the rate of extraction is about 93%.pH, biomass, mg/l, reducing sugar concentration and amylase concentration are tested in different quantities in the process of fermenting, and that confirms the best way of adding Ganoderma spp. and Lentinula edodes-Putting in directly and the best adding amount-6%.The best way of extracting the compound preparation of fungus polysaccharides Liquid fermenting amylase-the extract method of adding pressure is ascertained, and the conditions are:3 minutes’mycelia comminution,0.1 Mpa,2.5 hours’ time, natural pH, double the water yield, one time of extracting.The taste experiment of the compound preparation of fungus polysaccharides is based on the mixture of Chinese-date, liquorice root and syrup, and the compound fungus polysaccharides liquid fermenting accounts for 70%, the mixture 30%.Accordingly, the process of producing the compound preparation of fungus polysaccharides is ascertained. The stability experiment shows that compound Stabilizer III is a suitable one, with the dosage of 0.2%, and germ-killing condition is 71.6℃,15 minutes. Five samples with same amylase quantity are added to the drosophila melanogaster cultivation medium to feed drosophilas, and they prolongs the drosophila’s life expectancy separately with the following rate:2.4%,5.3%,11.6%,24.4% and 39.2%. The compound preparation of fungus polysaccharides made by zymotechnics shows a better function of resisting senility, and the dosage of 5g/kg·d and 10g/kg·d can obviously reduce the MDA level of the rat. The more dosage, the lower the level. Therefore, the compound preparation of fungus polysaccharides has the function of resisting senility, to some extent.更多还原