【作者】 刘明松；

【导师】 赵奎；

【作者基本信息】 江西理工大学 ， 岩土工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 国内外岩石力学研究人员对应用岩石声发射进行地应力测量作了大量的研究工作,在测量方法、测量结果分析方面取得了一些有价值的成果,目前,声发射测量地应力是根据Kaiser效应原理,进行岩石试件的单轴或三轴压缩试验。实践表明,采用该方法测量地应力需要钻取大量的岩芯,同时从现场取样,运输、室内加工（切割、磨端面）需要较长的时间,从实际应用的角度,现在的岩石声发射测量地应力的方法仍然费时、费力,这是该方法目前仍然难以大量推广应用的重要原因。因此,研究和发展简便实用且可在现场测量或估算的地应力测量新方法具有非常重要的理论和现实意义。本文首先进行了岩石点荷载加卸载循环声发射试验,试验结果表明,岩石对先前所受点荷载值具有记忆效应,由于岩石Kaiser效应发生在线弹性阶段,因此推断岩石点荷载声发射试验也可能反映其先前单轴应力情况。其次,采用岩石破裂过程分析软件(RFPA^2D),对岩石试件进行单轴平面加载,卸载后用点荷载重新加载,以此模拟岩石点荷载对先前所受应力的记忆效果,并对岩石试件高宽比、力学参数对记忆效果的影响进行了分析。在此基础上,进行了与数值模拟类似的点荷载对应力记忆效应的声发射试验,数值模拟和试验均表明岩石点荷载对其先前应力具有一定的记忆效应,从而为岩石损伤、先前所受应力大小等方面的提供了新的研究手段,为现场地应力状态评价提供了简便的测试方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 Researchers of at home and abroad made a lot of research work on the application of acoustic emission to rock stress measurement, and made some worthwhile achieverment in the measurement method and its results analysis, At present, acoustic emission measurements and stress theory is based on Kaiser effect, the rock specimen uniaxial or triaxial compression test. Practice shows that the method of measurement used to stress requires a large number of core .It takes a long time to have the core drilled at the site sampling, transport, indoor processing (cutting, grinding End). From the view of practical application, the current rock acoustic emission measurement of the stress is still time-consuming, and laborious, that is why it is still difficult to popularize and apply for it. Therefore, it will have theoretical importance and practical significance, if the practical and convenient of research and development can be measured or estimated presently to a new method of measurement of stress.At first, the article makes a rock acoustic emission increases unloading cycle test, It shows that the rock on the previous point load values have memory effect, Due to the rock Kaiser effected on the elastic stage, the infer AE rock point load test may also reflect its previous uniaxial stress. Secondly, software (RFPA2D) is analyzed through the use of rock rupture process, a rock specimen plane uniaxial loading, and unloading later point load reload, to simulate rock points previously suffered stress load on the memory effect, and analyze rock specimen a high aspect ratio, mechanical parameters on the impact of memory effects. On this basis, numerical simulation of a similar point load stress memory effect on the acoustic emission tests are maded. Numerical simulation and experiments show that their previous rock point load stress has some memory effect, so as to provide new research means for rock damage suffered earlier stress size and provide a simple evaluation of the testing methods for the situation of stress at the scene.更多还原