【作者】 贾玉云；

【导师】 谢春山；

【作者基本信息】 辽宁师范大学 ， 课程与教学论， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 随着旅游业在全球的日益蓬勃发展,高职旅游教育在培养技能型应用旅游人才方面起着越来越重要的作用。由于在教学传统与院校所处环境方面的差异,每个国家的旅游人才培养模式各具特色。纵观世界各国高职旅游教育的发展,美国、瑞士与澳大利亚的高职旅游教育在经历了较长时期的发展之后已经各自形成比较完善又独具特色的培养模式,是迄今已形成的三种较有代表性的高职旅游人才培养模式。我国高等旅游职业教育曾沿用传统的高等教育人才培养模式,这种传统模式通常能系统完整地掌握某一学科领域的基础知识和专业知识,但学生的职业技能培养相对薄弱,是一种相对封闭的培养模式。高职旅游教育界学者认识到传统人才培养模式存在的一些弊端,在教育教学实践过程中,结合行业背景和学校特点深入研究探索,借鉴国外经验,纷纷提出较具特色的人才培养模式,但从人才培养的效果来看,却仍然与国外存在很大的差距,因为任何培养模式的形成,都与它所生存的土壤和环境分不开。国外旅游业发达的国家,通过几十年的高职旅游办学,积累了丰富的经验,值得借鉴,从比较的角度对国外进行研究,有利于我国高职旅游教育的健康发展。然而,中国教育经过两千多年的发展历程,也有自己独特之处,有一定的根基,要我们完全抛开它而照搬国外模式是十分不切实际的,比较科学又合理的做法是将培养模式相互融合,各取其精华部分,走出具有中国特色的高职旅游教育之路。目前,我国高职旅游院校办学条件逐步改善,教学改革不断深化,初步显示出旅游职业教育的自身特色,但还没有形成一套成熟的教育理论和得到专家学者认可的人才培养模式。本文以构建“能力—市场导向型”高职旅游人才培养模式为目的,采取比较、调查等研究方法,从人才培养模式的各要素分析出发,从介绍国际先进旅游教育人才培养经验入手,追踪高职旅游教育发展轨迹,比较分析了国内外高等旅游职业教育人才培养模式及其要素之间存在的差异以及差异形成的因素,指出我国高职旅游人才培养中存在的问题,揭示了高职旅游人才培养的内在要求。希望它能成为引玉之砖,作一枚当前我国高等旅游职业教育人才培养发展战略抉择的铺路石子。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the global development of tourism industry, higher vocational education in tourism plays an increasingly important role in training applications skilled tourism personnel. Due to the differences in tradition and teaching environment, each country’s tourism personnel training model is unique. Throughout the development of higher tourism education in the world, the United States, Switzerland and Australia’ s vocational education in tourism has experienced a longer period of development, their training models are more perfect and unique, and are so far more representative models of vocational tourism training.Higher vocational education of China’ s tourism has followed the traditional training model of higher education, the traditional model is usually able to completely grasp the basis of a particular area of knowledge and expertise, but students in vocational skill training is relatively weak, is a relatively closed training model. Having recognized the drawbacks of the traditional mode, some scholars, in the teaching process, with the combination of industry background and school characteristics, make an in-depth study, learn from foreign experience, and have a more distinctive pattern of personnel training, but look at the effect of training, there is still a large gap with the foreign presence, because the formation of any training model can not be separated from the survival soil and the environment. Tourism-developed countries abroad, through decades of higher vocational education in tourism, accumulate a wealth of experience. The study of the personnel training mode abroad, from a comparative point of view, is conducive to China’ s healthy development of higher vocational education in tourism. However, China’ s education, through the development process of more than two thousand years, also has its own unique characteristics and a certain foundation. Completely discard it and copy foreign models is very unrealistic, more scientific and reasonable approach is to mutually integrate the training modes, accept the good, and follow the path of higher tourism education with Chinese characteristics.At present, China’ s tourism vocational institutions gradually improve teaching conditions, deepen the teaching reform, and initially show its own characteristics of tourism vocational education, but there is still no set of well-developed educational theory and the training mode well-recognized by experts and scholars. This paper, aiming at building the "ability -the market-oriented" training model, taking comparative methods and survey research methods, starting from analyzing the elements of training model, and from introducing the advanced international experience in tourism education training, tracking the development of higher tourism vocational education, comparatively analyzes differences between domestic and foreign tourism training model of vocational education, as well as the factors in forming the differences, points out the main problems in China’ s higher tourism vocational education, reveals the inherent requirement. The writer hopes that it will be beneficial in the development of China’s higher tourism vocational education.更多还原