【作者】 陈琳；

【导师】 盛新华；

【作者基本信息】 湘潭大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 转折复句是现代汉语复句中比较重要的一种类型,从语义分析的角度出发,转折复句的A与B之间存在相反相对关系是与其它类型的复句区分开来的根本特征。根据这种“相反相对”的关系,我们将转折复句分为三种类型:并列式的相反相对、递进式的相反相对和推论式的相反相对。转折复句的功能主要有正反对比功能、补充功能、强调功能、语意顿跌功能和委婉功能。其中正反对比又分为显性对比和隐性对比,显性对比表现为将两个不同事物或一个事物的两个不同方面直观地在句中显现出来,隐性对比是转折复句中的B句与A句存在的预设的对比。转折复句的B句在肯定A所陈述内容的基础上对A的意思进行补充说明,又由于转折复句的语义重心在B句上,因此B句的内容是作者强调的信息,也是希望引起读者注意的部分。转折复句的修辞作用主要体现在能够增加讲话和文章的变化美,可以巧妙有效地拒绝他人,使自己的表达委婉含蓄。从宏观上看,不同的关联词语都可以表达转折复句,但它们在细部上还是很有讲究的。我们对“但”、“但是”、“可是”等几个常用的转折连词进行比较分析以后得出:转折连词的选择不仅是准确表义的需要,还受语句韵律的驱动,具有审美要求。选择“但”和“但是”的根据一是追求音节和谐的修辞效果,一是追求充分表达情感的语用效果;与“A,但是B”相比,“虽然A,但是B”所表明的转折关系具有确定性,且突出B句;“但”侧重于客观述说,“却”侧重于主观评判;“但是”表达的转折语气强于“可是”,“不过”表示的转折语气最轻。更多还原

【Abstract】 Concessive complex sentence is a very important category among the complex sentences in modern Chinese. In the viewpoint of semantics, it is essentially characterized by the disjunctive relationship (i.e. contrast or opposition) between clause A and clause B in a complex sentence. There are three types of concessive complex sentence in regards to different“disjunctive relationship”: juxtaposing, ascending and deducing.In practice, there are five main expressive functions of concessive complex sentence: making contrast, supplementing information, emphasizing, producing intended pragmatic effect and euphemism. Generally, clause B supplements clause A with the information the writer intends to stress and to gain the readers’attention to, while clause B confirms what clause A states. By applying concessive complex sentences, we can enrich the power of both our oral and written expressions, and get our information indirectly and politely conveyed and communicated.On the macro-level, concessive complex sentence can be expressed by different groups of correlatives. On the micro-level, there are full of nuances in different correlatives and the meanings they express. We come to the conclusion after an analysis of some common concessive correlatives that: the choice is made out of considerations in three aspects– semantics, rhythm and aesthetics. Choice of "dan" and "danshi" is determined by the pursuit of syllable in accordance with the rhetorical effect of harmony, and to fully express their feelings to pursue pragmatic effect; Compared to " A, danshi B",the meaning of "suiran A, danshi B" is more parent than its, and highlight clause B; "dan" focus on objectively description, "que" focus on the subjective evaluation; The expression of "danshi" in the tone is stronger than "keshi" ,and"buguo" is the lightest one.更多还原