【作者】 常毅臣；

【导师】 魏争光；

【作者基本信息】 西北师范大学 ， 体育人文社会学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 本文运用文献资料法、历史研究法和访谈法相结合的研究方法,对中国优秀的教育家、体育家和社会活动家——袁敦礼先生的体育教育思想进行了研究。从学术而论,袁敦礼的体育教育思想,当下亦有非常重要的借鉴作用和参考价值;从情感而论,是为了追念对中国近现代体育事业做出杰出贡献的一代学界“泰斗”和尊师;就后辈体育教育工作者而言,有继承和弘扬袁先生优秀体育教育思想的责任和义务;从对传统体育思想的研究现状看,现实中存在有或一味否定传统、或研究脱离历史背景、或认识上趋于片面、或方法上缺乏科学性等方面的问题。基于这样的原由,本研究紧紧围绕选题,在对袁敦礼长达半个多世纪的体育教育历程全面考察的基础上,简略梳理了他学术思想形成和发展的基本脉络,分析了他体育教育思想的形成背景和主、客观主要影响因素,归纳提炼了他体育教育思想的主要内容,诠释了他体育教育思想的当代意义。为进一步全面研究“精英”体育教育思想在中国近现代体育思想演进过程中的作用和意义,提供参考资料。研究认为:(1)袁敦礼的体育教育思想,形成于20世纪二、三十年代。其形成与发展过程,可概括为:实践经历蒙发设想、界入体育服务事业、留学专攻体育理论、形成基本体育理念、积极倡导改进提升几个阶段。(2)袁先生体育教育思想的形成,除了受当时社会、政治、经济、文化、教育和体育的发展现状影响外,还颇受美国“实用主义教育思潮”“,自然主义体育思想”,中国“土洋体育之争”和威廉姆斯(J.F.Williams,1886—1966)、杜威(J.Dewey ,1859—1952)、麦克乐(C.H.McCloy,1886—1959)及蔡元培(1868—1940)等人的影响。袁先生积极乐观的人生观、符合唯物认识论的健康观和基于科学理论的体育价值观,共同构筑了他坚实的体育哲学基础。盈实的科学人文素养和丰富的体育实践经验,为其体育教育思想的形成和发展,奠定了可靠基石。(3)袁敦礼的体育教育思想,内容极为丰富。主要包括:“身心合一”的体育哲学观;体育意义、功能、目标的教育价值观;自我实现的体育主体观;健全人格的体育人才观;反对“异化”的体育竞技观等方面的内容。(4)袁敦礼体育教育思想的当代启发意义,主要表现在:体育是教育,素质培养与能力提高不可偏颇;体育是科学,理论研究与实践操作要言行有据;体育是文化,继承传统与创新发展要与时俱进;体育必须兼顾“身”的训练和“心”的养育;反对竞技“异化”,倡导身体、精神与意志和谐发展;开展学术批判,有利于营造良好的学术研究氛围;积极推进改革,是促进更好更快发展的内在驱动力等方面。更多还原

【Abstract】 This thesis carries out a comparatively comprehensive and systematical study about the physical education thought of Yuan Dunli, who was an excellent educator, scholar of physical education and social activist. The studying methods include the documentary law, history research act and interview. In consideration of the academics, the physical education thought of Yuan Dunli still has significant reference value at present. In terms of the emotion, it is supposed to memorize Yuan Dunli as a master in the academic field in that he contributed a lot to the development of physical education in contemporary and modern China. As a successor, we should be responsible for inheriting and promoting the outstanding physical education thought of Yuan Dunli. As to the present situation of the study about traditional physical education thought, there exist many problems covering the aspect of blindly denying tradition, the study’s deviating from the historical background, tending to be one-sided in understanding and lacking scientific methods. Based on the above mentioned defects, this thesis, focusing on the chosen topic, includes the carding of the basic train of thought of the formation and development of Yuan Dunli, the analysis of the background and the subjective and objective elements which contributed to the formation of his thought, the summary and extraction of the main content of this thought and the interpretation of the contemporary significance of Yuan Dunli’s physical education thought. The fundamental basis of this study is the comprehensive inspection of Yuan Dunii’s experience of teaching physical education, which lased for over a century. It provides reference materials for further comprehensive study of the function and significance of“elite”physical education thought in the development of Chinese modern physical education thought.The study result covers the following aspect: (1) The physical education thought of Yuan Dunli formed at 1920s and 1930s. The process of its formation and development can be summarized as such: the idea germinated from the practical experience, stepped into the cause of sports services, studied overseas majoring in physical education theory, formed the basic ideas of physical education, actively advocated and promoted this thought. (2) In addition to the influence of the development status of the society, politics, economics, culture, education and physical education itself at the time, the physical education thought of Yuan Dunli was also under the influence of pragmatic educational thoughts, naturalist educational thoughts, the controversy between native and foreign physical education in China, as well as the influence from J. F. Williams (1886-1966), J. Dewey (1859-1952), C. H. McCloy (1886-1959) and Cai Yuanpei (1868-1940). The optimistic value of life, the value of health which in consistent with materialistic epistemology and the recognition of the value of physical education based on scientific theory together constructed the philosophical basis of his physical education thought. His sound scientific and humanistic accomplishments together with the colorful practical experience lay a solid foundation to the formation and development of his physical education thought. (3) The physical education thought of Yuan Dunli is rich in content. It includes: the philosophical idea of physical education of the unity between body and mind; the educational value of physical education’s significance, function, and purpose; the self-realization idea of physical education; the cultivation of the perfect personality of physical educational talents; the idea of competition which opposes alienation. (4) The contemporary enlightenment and significance of Yuan Dunli’s physical education thought, which lie in the following aspects: physical education is education. The cultivation of both the quality and the ability cannot be biased. Physical education is science. The theoretical study and practical operation should have sound basis. Physical education is culture. Inheriting the tradition and innovative development should advance with time. The training of“body”and the cultivation of“mind”should be balanced. Protest the competition alienation and advocate the harmonious development of both body and spirit. Carry out academic criticism, which is helpful to construct good atmosphere for academic study. Actively promote revolution, which is the internal motivation of promoting better and faster development.更多还原