【作者】 张迪；

【导师】 唐魁玉；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 社会学， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来城市中宠物犬饲育的现象盛行,随着众多城市人加入到养宠队伍,城市生活越来越多地受到宠物犬饲育行为的影响。本文以哈尔滨市的宠物犬饲养者为具体研究对象,对宠物犬饲育对于城市人际交往状况的影响进行了社会人类学研究。首先,本文在对饲养者之间的交往状况进行客观、真实的描述的基础上,结合社会支持、社会认同以及社会心理学的相关理论观点进行分析,揭示出宠物犬饲育对饲养者之间交往的影响。研究发现,宠物犬作为交往的媒介和纽带推动了宠物犬饲养者之间的人际交往,但不同年龄阶段的宠物犬饲养者之间在交往方式、交往深度上有明显不同。饲养宠物犬的青年人通过网络实现了聚合,他们之间的交往不仅有直接和宠物犬相关的各种活动,还延伸到日常生活的方方面面,和宠友的交往活动已成为他们生活的重要组成部分。通过宠友之间的交往,饲养者中的青年人不仅获得了工具性和情感性的社会支持,还在持续的互动中对所属的宠物犬饲养者群体产生了认同感和归属感。相比较而言,尽管宠物犬饲育也推动了饲养者中的中老年人之间的交往,但是他们之间的交往却表现出以宠物犬为主导的特点,交往的内容和范围则略显单一。其次,本文通过在宠物犬聚集地的实地观察和对宠物犬饲养者和非宠物犬饲养者的访谈发现,宠物犬饲育在一定程度上造成了饲养者和非饲养者交往的障碍。宠物犬饲育一方面使得饲养者和家人交往动机减弱、交往机会相对减少;另一方面也引发了饲养者和非饲养者之间权力和利益的争夺,使得饲养者和非饲养者之间矛盾和冲突不断。本文认为人宠互动对于人际互动的部分替代、饲养者对宠物犬非理性的依赖、宠物犬饲育相关的适应文化的滞后以及公共管理的缺位是导致宠物犬饲养者和非饲养者交往障碍的主要原因。为此,本文从社会管理学和城市生态学的角度提出了解决由宠物犬饲育引发的人际冲突的构想,认为改进管理体制将打压惩罚的管理办法转变为激励、引导的策略,促使宠物犬饲育相关公共道德观念的提升,并改善城市空间建设为宠物犬设立专属活动空间,是促使宠物犬饲养者和非饲养者双方达成理解,实现和谐相处的有效途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Keeping a pet-dog in the house is in fashion in urban area nowadays, with the increase of the number of pet owners, many aspects of the city life are affected by pet- dog breeding. Through qualitative research on the intercourse of pet-dog owners in Harbin, this dissertation aimed to explore the influence of the pet-dog ownership on urban intercourse.Firstly, this study focuses on the intercourse between pet-dog owners. According to the habits of the old owners and the young, different observation places and communicating methods were used in this study. It was found out that, using pet-dog as the media, intercourse between the owners was expanded. But there still are some differences in the intercourse between young owners and the old. Many young owners assembled in an internet community---- Harbin Pet Club; here they can get not only pet breeding knowledge but some other social supports from other owners. Persisted intercourse between them made their identity and attachment to the pet-dog owners’group they belong to. Compared with the young, intercourse between the old owners was not so flourish; pet-dogs played dominant role in their interaction.Then the study found out that pet ownership became restrainer in the intercourse between the owners and non pet dog owners, the owners decreased chances to communicate with their family intentionally or not; and at the same time, conflicts between the pet-dog owners and non pet-dog owners emerged. Trough depth interview and observation we think three reasons should answer for this, i.e., thick attachment of the pet-dog owner to the pet; the adaptive culture lag of pet breeding and the absence of public management related to urban pet-keeping. Lastly, some suggestion aimed to resolve the conflicts was given; take some actions to encourage the pet-dog owner to upgrade their public morality and mark off some special zone for pet-dogs and their owners can be the way to improve the intercourse of pet-dogs with non pet dog owners.更多还原