【作者】 甘馨；

【导师】 乔辉；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 高分子化学与物理， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 在现代社会中,塑料以其质轻、价廉、性能优越等特点取代了许多传统材料而成为人们生活中使用最多的材料。颜色性能是塑料制品最外在、最直观的性能。其重要性不容忽视。而有机颜料又以其鲜艳的着色效果、良好的分散性能成为塑料着色的首选着色剂。但是选用塑料着色剂时,很多厂家还在沿用油墨、涂料等的指标体系,这种指标体系并不适用于有机颜料的选择。用什么指标来评价有机颜料在塑料中的应用性能,如何表征和测定这些指标,国内有机颜料与国外同类产品相比水平如何,这是塑料加工厂也是颜料生产厂家十分关注的问题。另外,随着人们对着色效果的要求越来越高,计算机测配色系统以其精确性开始日益普及。在配色数据库的建立过程中,塑料制品的着色质量会受到哪些因素的影响也值得我们深入分析。本文通过对有机颜料进行综合评价认为:着色力、分散性、加工性和耐热性是决定有机颜料在塑料中应用性能的主要指标。由此,我们通过一系列实验对着色力、分散性、加工性能和耐热性能等指标进行了测定与表征的初步探索,将国产部分颜料与国外同类产品进行了对比。对于影响塑料制品着色质量的影响因素,也从三个方面进行了深入分析。结果表明国产颜料在分散性和加工性方面已经达到了国外同类产品的水平,而在色彩性能和耐热性方面还有待提高。同时也表明将着色力、分散性、加工性和耐热性作为颜料在塑料着色中应用性能的主要指标是可行的。树脂基色、聚乙烯蜡的平均分子量及熔点、有机颜料的晶体构型,合成方法以及颜料颗粒的表面形态对塑料制品的颜色质量有明显的影响。本文获得的基础数据将对塑料着色过程中有机颜料的选用以及塑料的着色配色过程提供一定的指导意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 In modern society, plastic has replaced many traditional materials to become the most popular material. The plastic products appear in our lives with many colors. Organic pigment is the most suitable colorant used in plastic product. However, the evaluation system for the organic pigment used in plastic coloring is still following that in ink and paint, which is not the best way for plastic coloring. So, choose which method to evaluate the application performance of organic pigment in plastic, how to characterize and determine their properties, and how to compare different organic pigments, still need to be investigated. In addition, customer has more critical request on color quality, so using the computer to do colour measurement and color matching become more and more popular. In this process, we need to analyse the main factors which mainly influence the color quality of plastic product.After evaluating the orginc pigment roundly, it is considered that coloring ability, dispersibility, rheological property and thermostability are the main properties for determination of application performance. Thus, with a series of experiments on these four properties, the contrast of domestic products and intraclass products from overseas was also processed. In additon, the investigation and analyse of the main factors which mainly influence the color quality of plastic product was also processed.The following conclusions can be drawn. China-made pigments have already been identical with oversea products on the properties of dispersibility and rheological property, but on coloring ability and thermostability, they still need improvement. Also, as being practiced above, it is feasible for the determination of application performance with these four factors: coloring ability, dispersibility, rheological property and thermostability. In addition, after a series of experiment, it is found that the intrinsic color of resin, the average molecular weight and melting point of PE wax, the crystal configuration of organic pigment, the process method and the surface configuration of organic pigment particals have the main influence on color quality of plastic product.The basic data gained in this paper will be helpful in the process of coloring and color matching of plastic product.更多还原