【作者】 廖述娟；

【导师】 刘茂生；

【作者基本信息】 江西师范大学 ， 英语语言文学， 2009， 硕士

【摘要】 唯美主义艺术的倡导者和实践家奥斯卡·王尔德是英国文学史上最重要的作家之一,他主张艺术要与道德分开。在文学作品中王尔德极力贯彻唯美主义的艺术主张,因此他在童话作品中刻画的唯美形象看似是超乎道德现实的人物。王尔德认为艺术要与道德分开,并把这看成是他的唯美主义艺术的基本主张。王尔德最先用童话这种艺术形式进行唯美主义的艺术实践。然而,不难发现,其作品中的人物并非完全脱离现实的唯美形象。其实,王尔德企图通过艺术手段把所谓的唯美形象从道德现实中脱离出来,这本身就说明了他对道德的独到见解.所以王尔德的唯美主义艺术主张只能是一种艺术理想而无法在艺术创作中真正实现。王尔德在其作品中难以实践其艺术主张是因为他创作的童话与宣扬美好理想和以教诲为目的的传统童话没有本质的区别。他的童话无法避开崇高的道德主题,童话中的人物也是以教诲为目的的道德形象。从整体上看,他塑造的童话形象不仅具有鲜明的显示道德基础,而且其艺术美也同道德原则紧密结合在一起。王尔德在主观上企图塑造所谓超越道德的形象,在客观上却在道德的层面上塑造了体现某种道德原则和伦理价值的艺术形象。实际上,王尔德的艺术实践违反了他的艺术理想,他的艺术创作否定了他在现实中不可能实现的“为艺术而艺术”的唯美理想.本论文深入研究了王尔德童话作品,快乐王子与小燕子的行善,自私的巨人从自私到无私的转变,忠实朋友的道德含义,还有打渔人灵魂的放逐与回归,这些无一不是王尔德在童话中塑造的道德榜样,用来说明某种道德原则。更多还原

【Abstract】 Oscar Wilde, a great advocator and practitioner of artistic aestheticism, is one of the most important writers in English literary history, insisting that art should not be connected with morality. Characters in his fairy tales are seemingly all transcendent over ethical reality since he made great effort to implement his aesthetic principles in all his writings.Wilde thinks that art should be escaped from morality, and holds the thinking as the prominent advocating of aestheticism. Oscar Wilde first put his aesthetic ideals into practice by fairy tales. However, it is found that the characters in his works are impossible to be personalities entirely isolated from the society. In fact, the very attempt of Oscar Wilde to separate his characters from the society shows by itself that all the aesthetic images and characters exist on the basis of morality. It is based on this idea that Wilde’s aestheticism can only be an artistic ideal which is unable to be realized in literary practice.Oscar Wilde cannot practice his aesthetic principles in his fairy tales, because his characters and themes have no difference from those of the traditional fairy tales that always serve as moral instructions. His fairy tales fails to avoid moral reference and his characters all aim to be didactic. In general, characters in his fairy tales embody not only clear moral concepts but also represent a unity of art and morality. Therefore, the function of his fairy tales, like the function of traditional fairy tales, is all didactic, both laying emphasis on the ethical value of fairy tales. Images of Wilde`s fairy tales are typical of the moral reality. Subjectively Wilde intends to create characters that could transcend the moral reality, but objectively his images and characters are reflections of certain moral principles and ethical values. Therefore his literary practice violates his artistic ideal. His insistence on“art for art’s sake”proves to be an ideal that cannot be realized in literary practice.This thesis makes an deep analysis of Wilde’s fairy tales, such as“The Happy Prince”,“The Nightingale and the Rose”,“The Selfish Giant”,“The Devoted Friends”, “The Fisherman and the Soul”,“The Star-Child”,“The Young King”, and“The Birthday of the Infanta”. From his tales, moral examples are represented by the good-deeds done by happy prince and the little swallow, the conversion of the giant from selfishness to unselfishness, the moral implication of the faithful friend, and the fisherman’s repentance for selling his souls, all of which contribute to the making of his moral principles.更多还原