带蓄热的开放式集热器性能的理论和实验研究

【作者】 张静敏；

【导师】 张华；

【作者基本信息】 上海理工大学 ， 制冷及低温工程， 2008， 硕士

【摘要】 太阳能热风发电技术是一项综合应用温室效应技术、烟囱技术以及风力涡轮发电机技术于一体的太阳能热发电技术,是实现大规模开发利用太阳能的一种新途径,在能源危机和环境污染的双重压迫下,太阳能热风发电技术以其独特的优点成为大规模利用太阳能发电的可行性方式。白太阳能热风发电技术提出后,受到了国内外许多学者和专家的关注。从上世纪80年代至今,德国、美国、西班牙、印度、澳大利亚、南非、中国等国家对太阳能热风发电技术进行了多方面的研究。本文在此基础之上,进行了归纳总结,建立了系统理论和实际循环分析模型,集热器的理论分析模型以及各部分的转换效率在太阳能热风发电系统中,太阳能集热器作为最重要的部件之一,集热器的性能受到诸多因素的影响,如环境因素、太阳能辐射强度、集热器自身参数等。为确定以上因素对集热器性能的影响,本文设计并搭建了太阳能集热器性能试验装置,蓄热材料分别采用石子,水管和沙子等,改进蓄热器的结构,经过大量试验得到一些有益的结论,试验表明带小孔的铝板中间放置的集热形式,集热器性能较好。本课题得到国家自然科学基金项目“太阳能热风发电系统内部空气流和能量流的理论和试验研究”(编号：50476078)的支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 Solar chimney technology for electricity generation is a new technology to synthetically use the greenhouse effect technology, chimney technology and turbine technology. It’s a new way to develop and make use of the solar energy. Under the double oppressions of energy crisis and environmental pollution, due to its unique advantages, power generation technology of solar chimney becomes the feasibility of large-scale exploitation and utilization of solar energy. Since technology for solar chimney power generation was brought forward, which is widely paid attention to by scholars and experts in many countries. Up to now from 1980s Germany, America, Spain, India, Australia, Southafrica, China and some other countries have researched various aspects on technology for solar chimney power generation. On the basis of those above, a summary was presented, and then established system theory and analytical models of practical cycle. Theoretical analysis model on solar collector and conversion efficiency in the system were done.In the solar thermal power system, solar collector is one of the most important parts. The performance of the collector is influenced by many factors, for example the ambient temperature, the solar radiation, the parameter s of the collector. In order to study the factors above on the performance of the collector, the performance experiment device on solar collector were established and tests were operated. Pebble, sand and water tubes and so on are used as thermal storage material. Then the configuration of the heat storage regenerator is improved. In the end, a series of conclusions were derived. The experiment results show that when aluminum plate with many bores is placed in the middle of the collector, the performance of the collector is better.This research was supported by the Chinese National Natural Science F oundation (No.50476078), Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (No.T0503).更多还原